Tumour Immunology

Question 1

Cancer is caused by
a. chemicals.
b. radiation.
c. spontaneous mutations.
d. viruses.
e. all of the above.

Answer 1

e. all of the above.

Question 2

Tumor-associated antigens CANNOT be
a. expressed on non-tumor cells.
b. onco-fetal antigens.
c. over-expressed self antigens.
d. presented on MHC Class I.
e. tumor-specific.

Answer 2

b. onco-fetal antigens.

Question 3

Tumors do NOT escape immune surveillance by
a. downregulating their expression of MHC Class I.
b. expressing antigens which are not found on other self tissues.
c. failing to express B7.
d. producing immunosuppressive cytokines like TGFb.
e. shedding their membrane antigens.

Answer 3

b. expressing antigens which are not found on other self tissues.

Question 4

A virus molecule expressed on the membrane of a virus-induced tumor cell is an example of a(n)
a. angiogenic molecule.
b. carcinoembryonic antigen.
c. proto-oncogene.
d. tumor-associated antigen.
e. tumor-specific antigen.

Answer 4

d. tumor-associated antigen.

Question 5

Proto-oncogenes can be activated to become oncogenes and cause cancer by
a. carcinogens in cigarette smoke.
b. overexposure to UV radiation in sunlight.
c. spontaneous mutations.
d. virus infection.
e. all of the above.

Answer 5

e. all of the above.

Question 6

Enhancing antibodies
a. enhance the ability of CTL to eliminate tumor cells.
b. enhance tumor growth by blocking access of CTL to tumor cells.
c. kill tumor cells when administered to the cancer patient.
d. promote APC uptake of tumor antigen via FcR.
e. promote tumor detection when used to generate a HAMA response.

Answer 6

a. enhance the ability of CTL to eliminate tumor cells.

Question 7

Experimental approaches that may result in new immunotherapies for cancer include all of the following EXCEPT
a. monoclonal antibodies to tumor antigens coupled with cytotoxic drugs.
b. patient dendritic cells pulsed with tumor heat shock proteins.
c. vaccines containing live tumor cells to induce vigorous CTL responses.
d. vaccines containing tumor cells transfected with a gene for B7.
e. vaccines containing tumor cells transfected with an antisense gene for TGFb.

Answer 7

c. vaccines containing live tumor cells to induce vigorous CTL responses.