Vaccine Basics and Rabies Flashcards
Noninfectious Vaccines
- Killed cells
- Cannot cause disease
- More stable - come as liquid
- May not cause a strong enough immune response - adjuvant added
Adjuvant
Stimulates strong immune response to antigens
* increases chance of hypersensitivity reactions
Infectious Vaccines
- Modified live or Recombinant
- Stimulate the immune system the same way the virus / bacteria would
- Strong and prolonged response
- Could cause disease / symptoms if not modified correctly
- Less stable - need to use right away once mixed up
Feline Administration Sites
Give below elbow and stifle, or tail if needed
* Rabies = right rear
* FVRCP = right front
* FeLV = left rear
Vaccine Administration
Give as intended - SQ vs IN
* IN given anyway else can cause liver disease
Maternal Antibodies
Babies get a certain amount of antibodies from mom
* level / amount is not known
* begin vaccines young to ensure protection, and give up until 16-20 weeks of age
1-2-3 Rule
In regards to masses and when to be concerned (mainly seen with cats)
* continues to grow after 1 month
* greater than 2 cm in diameter
* still there 3 months after vaccination
Do biopsy to see if cancerous
Core Vaccines
Recommended for all animals of a species
* highly contagious
* prevalent in environment
* all animals at risk regardless of lifesyle
Non-Core Vaccines
Lifestyle dependant
Rabies Transmission
Transfer of infected saliva via bite wounds
Rabies Clinical Signs
Phase 1
Prodromal Phase
* Itchy skin at bite site
* Fever
* Anxious
Rabies Clinical Signs
Phase 2
Furious Phase
* “Cujo”
* Aggression
* Death possible
Rabies Clinical Signs
Phase 3
Paralytic Phase
* What most likely is seen in clinic
* Respiratory paralysis
* Hypersalivation
Rabies Stages Order
Cat vs Dog
- Cat: furious then paralytic
- Dog: paralytic without furious first
Rabies Diagnosis
Postmortem Diagnosis
* evaluation of brain tissue
* refrigerate brain, don’t freeze - can damage tissue
