Uterine Disorders

Question 1

What lines the endometrium?

Answer 1

Glandular epithelium

Question 2

What lymph nodes do most uterine/ovarian neoplasms invaded?

Answer 2

Pelvic lymph nodes

Question 3

The proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle is driven by what hormone?

Answer 3

Estrogen

Question 4

S shaped glands of the endometrium correspond to what phase of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 4

Secretory phase

Question 5

Menses correlates with a fall in what hormones?

Answer 5

E2

Progesterone

Question 6

An Arias-Stella Reaction is indicative of what processes?

Answer 6

Pregnancy

Question 7

Define menometrorrhagia.

Answer 7

Heavy, irregular periods

Question 8

Define amenorrhea.

Answer 8

Lack of menstruation

Question 9

Define menorrhagia.

Answer 9

Heavy or prolonged bleeding

Question 10

Define metrorrhagia.

Answer 10

Irregular periods

Question 11

Contrast adenomyosis with endometriosis.

Answer 11

Adenomyosis- endometrial glands in uterine wall
Endometriosis- endometrial glands outside the uterus
(Both refer to endometrial glands/stroma in abnormal location)

Question 12

Describe the nuclei of a leiomyoma.

Answer 12

Cigar shaped

Question 13

What is the malignant counterpart to the leiomyoma?

Answer 13

Leiomyosarcoma

Question 14

Lynch syndrome predisposes to the formation of what uterine cancer?

Answer 14

Endometrial carcinoma

Question 15

What is another name for Lynch syndrome?

Answer 15

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

Question 16

How does endometrial carcinoma typically present?

Answer 16

Vaginal bleeding

Question 17

Endometrial carcinoma is often preceded by endometrial hyperplasia, what risk factors are associated with endometrial carcinoma?

Answer 17

Prolonged use of estrogen without progestins
Obesity
Nulliparity
Lynch syndrome

Question 18

What part of the colon is involved in CRC in a patient with Lynch syndrome?

Answer 18

Proximal

Question 19

What mismatch repair genes are involved in Lynch syndrome?

Answer 19

MLH1

MSH2

Question 20

Which gene is most likely mutated in a woman with an endometrial serous carcinoma?

Answer 20

p53

Question 21

What is the most common tumor in females?

Answer 21

Leiomyoma

Question 22

What race are leiomyomas more common in?

Answer 22

Blacks

Question 23

What occurs to a leiomyoma during pregnancy? What about during menopause?

Answer 23

Pregnancy- increases in size
Menopause- decreases in size
(estrogen sensitive)

Question 24

How do you treat adenomyosis?

Answer 24

GnRH agonist

Hysterectomy

Question 25

What is the most common site of endometriosis?

Answer 25

Ovary (frequently bilaterally)

Question 26

What condition is often described as a blood-filled chocolate cyst?

Answer 26

Endometriosis of the ovary

Question 27

What are treatment options of endometriosis?

Answer 27

NSAIDs
OCPs
Progestin
GnRH agonist
Danazol 
Surgery

Question 28

What is used to treat endometritis?

Answer 28

Gentamicin

Clindamycin

Question 29

Endometrial hyperplasia is a risk factor for developing what cancer?

Answer 29

Endometrial carcinoma

Question 30

What are risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia?

Answer 30

Hormone replacement
PCOS
Granulosa cell tumor

Question 31

What is the most common gynecologic malignancy?

Answer 31

Endometrial carcinoma