Ovarian Disorders Flashcards
What part of the ovary is exposed to the peritoneum?
Surface epithelium
What is a corpus albicans?
Ovarian scar composed of connective tissue that forms after the corpus luteum degenerates
Where do most ectopic pregnancies occur?
Fallopian tube
What is the most common site of endometriosis?
Ovary
What is the gross appearance of ovarian endometriosis?
Chocolate cyst
How are BRCA1/BRCA2 related to cancer?
DNA repair genes
What are the 4 categories of ovarian surface epithelium tumors?
Serous
Mucinous
Endometrioid
Clear cell
What is the histologic appearance of an ovarian serous borderline tumor?
Hierarchical branching
A laminated/targetoid calcification is seen on histologic examination of a serous cystandenocarcinoma. What is the term given to this finding?
Psammoma bodies
What is the most common ovarian malignancy?
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
If an ovarian tumor has invaded the stroma is it a borderline tumor or a carcinoma?
Carcinoma
Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary is associated with what pathologic condition?
Endometriosis
Once resected granulosa cell tumors can be followed using what serum marker?
Inhibin
Call-Exner bodies are pathognomonic for what tumor?
Granulosa cell tumor
A signet ring cell is noted on a pathology report of a biopsied ovary. What type of tumor is this?
Krukenberg tumor- metastatic gastric carcinoma
What are the most common causes of anovulation?
Athletes Adrenal insufficiency Cushing syndrome Eating disorders Hyperprolactinemia Obesity Pregnancy PCOS Premature ovarian insufficiency Thyroid disorders
What is the LH:FSH in a woman with PCOS?
Increased
What is the most common ovarian mass in young women?
Follicular cyst
Theca-lutein cyst are associated with what neoplasitc conditions?
Choriocarcinoma
Hydatidiform mole
What is the most common adnexal mass in a woman >55?
Ovarian neoplasm
Ovarian neoplasms can arise from what 3 origins?
Surface epithelium
Germ cells
Sex cord stromal tissue
What decreases risk for ovarian neoplasms?
Pregnancy
Breast feeding
OCPs
Tubal ligation
What tumor marker can be used to monitor progression of ovarian cancer?
CA 125
Mucus secreting epithelium lines what benign ovarian neoplasm?
Mucinous cystadenoma
What is the most common benign ovarian neoplasm?
Serous cystadenoma
What is the most common ovarian tumor in women 20-30 years old?
Mature cystic teratoma
What tumor has coffee bean nuclei on H&E stain?
Brenner tumor- looks like bladder
What is Meigs syndrome?
Ovarian fibroma
Ascites
Hydrothorax
Are mature or immature teratomas malignant?
Immature
Is a mature or immature teratoma more likely to contain thyroid tissue?
Mature
Is a mature or immature teratoma more likely to contain neural-like tissue?
Immature
What is the most common malignant stromal tumor of the ovary?
Granulosa cell tumor
hCG and LDH are tumor markers for the most common ovarian tumor in adolescents. What is the type of tumor?
Dysgerminoma
A choriocarcinoma can develop during or after pregnancy in the mother or baby. What is the tissue of origin?
Trophoblstic tissue- cytotrophoblast/syncytiotrophoblast
Where do choriocarcinomas metastasize?
Lungs
What is the classic clinical picture of a woman with a choriocarcinoma?
Increased hCG
Hemoptysis
Shortness of breath
What tumor is associated with Schiller-Duval bodies?
Yolk sac tumor
