USMLE CBSSA 2 Flashcards
What is the source of urea production?
Glutamate
Coarse facial features, restricted join movement, high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes. Dx and mechanism?
I-cell disease - proteins are secreted extracellularly instead of going to lysosomes (b/c mannose phosphorylation failure)
Speech is fluent with many grammatical errors, impaired comprehension and repetition
Wernicke’s aphasia
Antibody required to dx RA?
Anti-IgG antibody (Rh factor)
How do you treat CML?
Imatinib
What is ritonavir’s MoA?
Protease inhibitor
What is zanamivir’s MoA?
Inhibit influenza neuraminidase - decrease release of virions
What do you give to treat ingestion of heavy isotope/radioactive substance?
Potassium iodide
What factors lead to granulomas?
IL-12, IFN-gamma
What enzyme increases right after insulin treatment?
Glucokinase (b/c uptake of glucose)
What drugs cause constricted pupils?
Morphine, heroin, methadone
What property of an anesthetic determines rapid onset?
Low blood solubility
Proximal muscle weakness, tender shins, high PTH, low Ca. Dx?
Osteomalacia
Binding of what receptors results in symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
Nuclear/retinoid X binding to DNA
What are the features of normal pressure hydrocephalus?
Wet, wobbly, wacky
Normal PaO2 with low O2 content
Anemia
Finding a difference when there is none. What type of error?
Type 1
Left dominant circulation, route for angioplasty of artery supplying diaphragmatic surface & AV node of heart
LCA, LCX, PDA
Hypoxemia post MI cause
Increased pulmonary capillary pressure
What nerve innervates the back of the pharynx?
Vagus
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is from a problem in what area of the muscle?
Cytoskeleton
Cocaine use puts the fetus at the risk of what?
Prematurity
Malignant cells from cervical cancer spread to which lymph nodes first?
Internal iliac
Aneurysms of the PCA can lead to?
CN III palsy
Antidote for insecticide?
Atropine
Falling on wrist, pain between abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons. Risk?
Avascular necrosis of scaphoid bone
Painful feet 2nd to diabetes. Quality?
Burning
What is the role of iKB in NFKB transduction pathway from IL-1 binding to IL-6 induction?
iKB releases NFKB after undergoing phosphorylation
What is the mode of inheritance of cleft lip and palate?
Multifactorial
What is the mechanism of fomepizole?
Blocks alcohol dehydrogenase, prevents conversion of methanol to formaldehyde
Nerve responsible for dorsiflexing the foot?
Deep fibular (peroneal)
Burnt almonds smell? Treatment?
Cyanide poisoning, treat with amyl nitrite
Decrease in lung surfactant leads to a change in what other lung property?
Lung elastic recoil
Alcoholic with poor wound healing. Why?
Vit C deficiency so can’t hydroxylate collagen
What cells are TB found in?
Macrophages (lysosomes, to be precise)
Resistant to ampicillin but not to ceftriaxone. Feature?
B-lactamases
What does primaquine do to treat P. vivax?
Kills hypnozoites
Sudden onset of double vision, periodic episodes of blurred vision, mild swelling and tenderness of the face, mild normochromic anemia, ESR of 60. Dx?
Temporal arteritis
What acid-base state and volume state do loop diuretics cause?
Met alk, volume contraction
Very long fatty acid chains, phytanic acid, pipecolic acid in the serum. What’s missing in the cell?
Peroxisomes
