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USMLE > USMLE CBSSA 2 > Flashcards

USMLE CBSSA 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is the source of urea production?

A

Glutamate

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2
Q

Coarse facial features, restricted join movement, high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes. Dx and mechanism?

A

I-cell disease - proteins are secreted extracellularly instead of going to lysosomes (b/c mannose phosphorylation failure)

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3
Q

Speech is fluent with many grammatical errors, impaired comprehension and repetition

A

Wernicke’s aphasia

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4
Q

Antibody required to dx RA?

A

Anti-IgG antibody (Rh factor)

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5
Q

How do you treat CML?

A

Imatinib

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6
Q

What is ritonavir’s MoA?

A

Protease inhibitor

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7
Q

What is zanamivir’s MoA?

A

Inhibit influenza neuraminidase - decrease release of virions

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8
Q

What do you give to treat ingestion of heavy isotope/radioactive substance?

A

Potassium iodide

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9
Q

What factors lead to granulomas?

A

IL-12, IFN-gamma

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10
Q

What enzyme increases right after insulin treatment?

A

Glucokinase (b/c uptake of glucose)

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11
Q

What drugs cause constricted pupils?

A

Morphine, heroin, methadone

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12
Q

What property of an anesthetic determines rapid onset?

A

Low blood solubility

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13
Q

Proximal muscle weakness, tender shins, high PTH, low Ca. Dx?

A

Osteomalacia

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14
Q

Binding of what receptors results in symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A

Nuclear/retinoid X binding to DNA

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15
Q

What are the features of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

A

Wet, wobbly, wacky

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16
Q

Normal PaO2 with low O2 content

A

Anemia

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17
Q

Finding a difference when there is none. What type of error?

A

Type 1

18
Q

Left dominant circulation, route for angioplasty of artery supplying diaphragmatic surface & AV node of heart

A

LCA, LCX, PDA

19
Q

Hypoxemia post MI cause

A

Increased pulmonary capillary pressure

20
Q

What nerve innervates the back of the pharynx?

A

Vagus

21
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is from a problem in what area of the muscle?

A

Cytoskeleton

22
Q

Cocaine use puts the fetus at the risk of what?

A

Prematurity

23
Q

Malignant cells from cervical cancer spread to which lymph nodes first?

A

Internal iliac

24
Q

Aneurysms of the PCA can lead to?

A

CN III palsy

25
Q

Antidote for insecticide?

A

Atropine

26
Q

Falling on wrist, pain between abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons. Risk?

A

Avascular necrosis of scaphoid bone

27
Q

Painful feet 2nd to diabetes. Quality?

A

Burning

28
Q

What is the role of iKB in NFKB transduction pathway from IL-1 binding to IL-6 induction?

A

iKB releases NFKB after undergoing phosphorylation

29
Q

What is the mode of inheritance of cleft lip and palate?

A

Multifactorial

30
Q

What is the mechanism of fomepizole?

A

Blocks alcohol dehydrogenase, prevents conversion of methanol to formaldehyde

31
Q

Nerve responsible for dorsiflexing the foot?

A

Deep fibular (peroneal)

32
Q

Burnt almonds smell? Treatment?

A

Cyanide poisoning, treat with amyl nitrite

33
Q

Decrease in lung surfactant leads to a change in what other lung property?

A

Lung elastic recoil

34
Q

Alcoholic with poor wound healing. Why?

A

Vit C deficiency so can’t hydroxylate collagen

35
Q

What cells are TB found in?

A

Macrophages (lysosomes, to be precise)

36
Q

Resistant to ampicillin but not to ceftriaxone. Feature?

A

B-lactamases

37
Q

What does primaquine do to treat P. vivax?

A

Kills hypnozoites

38
Q

Sudden onset of double vision, periodic episodes of blurred vision, mild swelling and tenderness of the face, mild normochromic anemia, ESR of 60. Dx?

A

Temporal arteritis

39
Q

What acid-base state and volume state do loop diuretics cause?

A

Met alk, volume contraction

40
Q

Very long fatty acid chains, phytanic acid, pipecolic acid in the serum. What’s missing in the cell?

A

Peroxisomes

USMLE (23 decks)

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