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GI Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Cimetidine - use (3)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Mild esophageal reflux

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2
Q

Ranitidine - use (3)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Mild esophageal reflux

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3
Q

Famotidine - use (3)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Mild esophageal reflux

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4
Q

Nizatidine - use (3)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Mild esophageal reflux

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5
Q

Cimetidine - mech

A

H2 blocker - reversible block of histamine H2 receptors, decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells

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6
Q

Ranitidine - mech

A

H2 blocker - reversible block of histamine H2 receptors, decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells

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7
Q

Famotidine - mech

A

H2 blocker - reversible block of histamine H2 receptors, decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells

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8
Q

Ranitidine - side fx

A

Decreases renal excretion of creatinine

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9
Q

Cimetidine - side fx (4)

A

Decreases renal excretion of creatinine
Inhibits CYP-450
Antiandrogenic effects
Cross BBB (confusion, dizziness, headache) and placenta\

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10
Q

PPI - prazoles - mech

A

Irreversibly blocks the H/K ATPase in stomach parietal cells

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11
Q

PPI - prazoles - use (4)

A

Peptic ulcer
Gastritis
Esophageal reflux
Zollinger Ellison syndrome

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12
Q

PPI - prazoles - side fx

A

Increased risk of C. Diff infection & pneumonia

Decrease serum Mg long term

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13
Q

Bismuth - mech

A

Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient in mucus layer

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14
Q

Bismuth - use (2)

A

Ulcer healing

Traveler’s diarrhea

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15
Q

Sucralfate - mech

A

Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient in mucus layer

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16
Q

Sucralfate - use (2)

A

Ulcer healing

Traveler’s diarrhea

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17
Q

Misoprostol - mech (3)

A

PGE1 analog,
Increases production and secretion of the gastric mucous barrier
Decreases acid production

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18
Q

Misoprostol - use (3)

A

Prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers (NSAID blocks PGE1)
Maintenance of PDA
Off label for labor induction

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19
Q

Misoprostol - side fx (2)

A

Diarrhea

Contraindicated in childbearing women

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20
Q

Octreotide - mech

A

Somatostatin analogue, long acting

Inhibits action of many splanchnic vasoconstriction hormones

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21
Q

Octreotide - use (4)

A

Acromegaly
Carcinoid syndrome
VIPoma
Esophageal variceal bleeding

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22
Q

Octreotide - side fx (3)

A

Nausea
Cramps
Steatorhhea

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23
Q

Sulfasalazine - use (2)

A

Ulcerative colitis

Crohn’s Disease (colitis component)

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24
Q

Sulfasalazine - mech (2)

A

Combination of sulfapyridine (antibiotic) and 5-ASA (anti-inflammatory)
Activated by colonic bacteria

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25
Sulfasalazine - side fx (4)
Malaise Nausea Sulfonamide toxicity Reversible oligospermia
26
Ondansetron - mech (3)
5-HT3 antagonist Decrease vagal stimulation Powerful central acting anti-emetic
27
Ondansetron - clinical use
Control vomiting post-op and in patients undergoing cancer chemo
28
Ondansetron - side fx (3)
Headache Constipation QT interval prolongation
29
Metoclopramide - mech (3)
D2 receptor antagonist Increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility Does not influence colon transport time
30
Metoclopramide - use (2)
Diabetic and postsurgery gastroparesis | Antiemetic
31
Metoclopramide - side fx
Parkinsonian effects & tardive dyskinesia Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, diarrhea Drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents Don't use in patients with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson disease
32
Orlistat - mech
Inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase to decrease breakdown and absorption of dietary fats
33
Orlistat - use
Weight loss
34
Orlistat - side fx
Steatorrhea | Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
35
Peptic ulcer Gastritis Mild esophageal reflux
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine - use (3)
36
H2 blocker - reversible block of histamine H2 receptors, decrease H+ secretion by parietal cells
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine - mech
37
Decreases renal excretion of creatinine
Ranitidine - side fx
38
Decreases renal excretion of creatinine Inhibits CYP-450 Antiandrogenic effects Cross BBB (confusion, dizziness, headache) and placenta\
Cimetidine - side fx (4)
39
Irreversibly blocks the H/K ATPase in stomach parietal cells
PPI - prazoles - mech
40
Peptic ulcer Gastritis Esophageal reflux Zollinger Ellison syndrome
PPI - prazoles - use (4)
41
Increased risk of C. Diff infection & pneumonia | Decrease serum Mg long term
PPI - prazoles - side fx
42
Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient in mucus layer
Bismuth, Sucralfate - mech
43
Ulcer healing, Traveler's diarrhea
Bismuth, Sucralfate - use (2)
44
PGE1 analog, Increases production and secretion of the gastric mucous barrier Decreases acid production
Misoprostol - mech (3)
45
Prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers (NSAID blocks PGE1) Maintenance of PDAOff label for labor induction
Misoprostol - use (3)
46
Diarrhea | Contraindicated in childbearing women
Misoprostol - side fx (2)
47
Somatostatin analogue, long acting | Inhibits action of many splanchnic vasoconstriction hormones
Octreotide - mech
48
Acromegaly Carcinoid syndrome VIPoma Esophageal variceal bleeding
Octreotide - use (4)
49
Nausea Cramps Steatorhhea
Octreotide - side fx (3)
50
Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's Disease (colitis component)
Sulfasalazine - use (2)
51
Combination of sulfapyridine (antibiotic) and 5-ASA (anti-inflammatory) Activated by colonic bacteria
Sulfasalazine - mech (2)
52
Malaise, Nausea, Sulfonamide toxicity, Reversible oligospermia
Sulfasalazine - side fx (4)
53
5-HT3 antagonist, Decrease vagal stimulation, Powerful central acting anti-emetic
Ondansetron - mech (3)
54
Control vomiting post-op and in patients undergoing cancer chemo
Ondansetron - clinical use
55
Headache Constipation QT interval prolongation
Ondansetron - side fx (3)
56
D2 receptor antagonist Increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility Does not influence colon transport time
Metoclopramide - mech (3)
57
Diabetic and postsurgery gastroparesis | Antiemetic
Metoclopramide - use (2)
58
Parkinsonian effects & tardive dyskinesia Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, diarrhea Drug interaction with digoxin and diabetic agents Don't use in patients with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson disease
Metoclopramide - side fx
59
Inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase to decrease breakdown and absorption of dietary fats
Orlistat - mech
60
Weight loss
Orlistat - use
61
Steatorrhea | Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
Orlistat - side fx
62
Magnesium hydroxide - mech
Osmotic laxative - provide osmotic load to draw water into the GI lumen
63
Magnesium hydroxide - use
Constipation
64
Magnesium hydroxide - side fx (3)
Diarrhea Dehydration Abused by bulimics
65
Magnesium citrate - mech
Osmotic laxative - provide osmotic load to draw water into the GI lumen
66
Magnesium citrate - use
Constipation
67
Magnesium citrate - side fx
Diarrhea Dehydration Abused by bulimics
68
PEG - mech
Osmotic laxative - provide osmotic load to draw water into the GI lumen
69
PEG - use
Constipation
70
PEG - side fx
Diarrhea Dehydration Abused by bulimics
71
Lactulose - mech
Osmotic laxative - osmotic load to draw water out of GI lumen
72
Lactulose - use
Constipation | Treat hepatic encephelopathy
73
Lactulose - side fx
Diarrhea Dehydration Abused by bulimics
74
Osmotic laxative - provide osmotic load to draw water into the GI lumen
MgOH Mg Citrate PEG Lactulose
75
Constipation
MgOH Mg Citrate PEG
76
Constipation | Hepatic encephelopathy
Lactulose
77
Diarrhea Dehydration Abuse by bulimics
Osmotic laxatives - MgOH, Mg Citrate, PEG, Lactulose

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