USMLE CBBSA Flashcards
56 years old man come 4 hours after the sudden onset of uncontrollable irregular movements of the left side of the body, physical examination shows frequent, irregular flailing movement of the proximal appendicular muscles on the left which is most nuclei damage
Right subthalamic nucleus
What kind of drugs do you use to prevent urinary urgency?
Muscarinic antagonists
What laboratory abnormality do you expect in someone with COPD?
Resp acidosis, so met alkalosis to balance out.
Monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases are targeted against what molecule?
TNF (Infliximab)
Hot flashes and irregular menses. Cause?
Failure of ovaries to secrete 17B estradiol
What gram positive rod can give a pregnant woman fever, chills, muscle aches?
Listeria
What Ig leads to cold agglutination?
IgM
Inheritance of NF?
AD
The serum levels of ____ is increased in sarcoidosis?
ACE and Ca b/c granulomas activate Vit D
How is hormone sensitive lipase activated?
Low insulin or under stress, by cortisol or epinephrine
What Abx inhibit protein synthesis (30S unit)
Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines
What Abx inhibit 50s/protein synthesis?
Chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, linezolid
15y/o girl emigrant from india, several lesions on her neck for 2 weeks. PE hypopigmented, hypoesthetic area over left side of forehead and 4cm lesions on neck. Biopsy specimen shows acid-fast bacilli. Which of the following explains why the organism results in dermal rather than in visceral infections?
Temperature sensitive (Mycobacterium leprae, tuberculoid form)
What do you use to treat an acute asthma attack?
B2 agonist
What is the most posterior part of the heart?
Left atrium
Where is the SA node located?
SVC and RA junction
When E6 from HPV goes to break down p53, what is the first enzyme it’s directed to?
Ubiquitin ligase
What is the mechanism of action of cyclophosphamide?
Cross links DNA and prevents DNA replication
Target cells?
HbC
Asplenia
Liver
Thalassemia
What time period does the neural tube form in?
Forms week 3, closes week 4
65 year old man who recently emigrated from Brazil has 8 month history of shortness of breath and fatigue. Physical examination shows edema of the lower extremities. A chest x-ray shows cardiomegaly. An endomyocardial biopsy specimen shows individual myofiber necrosis with a mixed inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils. Which of the following is the most likely causal organism?
Trypanosoma cruzi
What does the labia majora correspond to in the male?
Scrotum
What do you see in C Diff infection?
Pseudomembranes
How does hCG cause gynecomastia in boys?
Binds testicles to produce estradiol
