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USMLE > USMLE CBBSA > Flashcards

USMLE CBBSA Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

56 years old man come 4 hours after the sudden onset of uncontrollable irregular movements of the left side of the body, physical examination shows frequent, irregular flailing movement of the proximal appendicular muscles on the left which is most nuclei damage

A

Right subthalamic nucleus

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2
Q

What kind of drugs do you use to prevent urinary urgency?

A

Muscarinic antagonists

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3
Q

What laboratory abnormality do you expect in someone with COPD?

A

Resp acidosis, so met alkalosis to balance out.

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4
Q

Monoclonal antibodies used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases are targeted against what molecule?

A

TNF (Infliximab)

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5
Q

Hot flashes and irregular menses. Cause?

A

Failure of ovaries to secrete 17B estradiol

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6
Q

What gram positive rod can give a pregnant woman fever, chills, muscle aches?

A

Listeria

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7
Q

What Ig leads to cold agglutination?

A

IgM

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8
Q

Inheritance of NF?

A

AD

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9
Q

The serum levels of ____ is increased in sarcoidosis?

A

ACE and Ca b/c granulomas activate Vit D

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10
Q

How is hormone sensitive lipase activated?

A

Low insulin or under stress, by cortisol or epinephrine

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11
Q

What Abx inhibit protein synthesis (30S unit)

A

Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines

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12
Q

What Abx inhibit 50s/protein synthesis?

A

Chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, linezolid

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13
Q

15y/o girl emigrant from india, several lesions on her neck for 2 weeks. PE hypopigmented, hypoesthetic area over left side of forehead and 4cm lesions on neck. Biopsy specimen shows acid-fast bacilli. Which of the following explains why the organism results in dermal rather than in visceral infections?

A

Temperature sensitive (Mycobacterium leprae, tuberculoid form)

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14
Q

What do you use to treat an acute asthma attack?

A

B2 agonist

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15
Q

What is the most posterior part of the heart?

A

Left atrium

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16
Q

Where is the SA node located?

A

SVC and RA junction

17
Q

When E6 from HPV goes to break down p53, what is the first enzyme it’s directed to?

A

Ubiquitin ligase

18
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cyclophosphamide?

A

Cross links DNA and prevents DNA replication

19
Q

Target cells?

A

HbC
Asplenia
Liver
Thalassemia

20
Q

What time period does the neural tube form in?

A

Forms week 3, closes week 4

21
Q

65 year old man who recently emigrated from Brazil has 8 month history of shortness of breath and fatigue. Physical examination shows edema of the lower extremities. A chest x-ray shows cardiomegaly. An endomyocardial biopsy specimen shows individual myofiber necrosis with a mixed inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils. Which of the following is the most likely causal organism?

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

22
Q

What does the labia majora correspond to in the male?

A

Scrotum

23
Q

What do you see in C Diff infection?

A

Pseudomembranes

24
Q

How does hCG cause gynecomastia in boys?

A

Binds testicles to produce estradiol

25
Q

How does cyclosporine work?

A

Decreases activation of T lymphocytes

26
Q

How do you treat malignant hyperthermia?

A

Dantrolene, which blocks release of Ca from SR

27
Q

String of beads in renal artery =?

A

Fibromuscular dysplasia

28
Q

T2DM with constipation refractory to over the counter laxatives. Nerve damaged?

A

Pelvic splanchnic

29
Q

What is the first objective sign of puberty in girls?

A

Breast bud development`

30
Q

What drug does itraconazole interact with that makes it ineffective?

A

Omeprazole

31
Q

What is the blood supply to the uterus?

A

Internal iliac to uterine artery

32
Q

What fungal feature does caspofungin target?

A

B-glucan carbohydrates in the cell wall

33
Q

2 month boy given vaccine to convert t-independent antigen to t-dependent forms. What is this vaccine for?

A

H flu type b

34
Q

What virus is nasopharyngeal carcinoma associated with?

A

EBV

35
Q

How do you confirm a dx of ank spon?

A

Xray of sacroiliac joints

36
Q

When are hCG levels detectable in the serum?

A

8 days post ovulation

37
Q

What is the mechanism of gallstone formation in a pregnant woman?

A

Estrogen induced cholesterol hypersecretion and progesterone induced gallbladder immotility

38
Q

Baby born with posterior neck mass, bilateral non pitting edema and diminished femoral pulses. Dx?

A

Turner’s syndrome

USMLE (23 decks)

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