use of force lvl 2 Flashcards
What are the 6 components of handcuffing?
- Immobilize
- Control
- Handcuff»_space; DOUBLE LOCK
- Search
- Monitor
- Transport
What actions are prohibited for law enforcement officers regarding chokeholds?
Placing another in a chokehold
In no event may a law enforcement officer intentionally sit, kneel or stand on an individual’s neck or head
Why is force used by law enforcement?
To effectively stop unlawful resistance as quick as possible
Define force in the context of law enforcement.
The amount of physical effort, however slight, required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling individual
What does the Control Superiority Principle refer to?
A recognized officer advantage over a recognized subject disadvantage
What is a chokehold?
The use of lateral vascular neck restraint, carotid restraint or other action that limits breathing or blood flow with intent to cause bodily injury, unconsciousness or death
When can a law enforcement officer use force?
When de-escalation tactics have been attempted and failed or are not feasible, and the force is necessary and proportionate to:
* Effect the lawful arrest or detention
* Prevent escape from custody
* Prevent imminent harm
* Defend against initiation of force
What is the duty of a law enforcement officer regarding medical response after use of force?
Provide appropriate medical response to individuals exhibiting signs of injury or illness following a non-deadly use of force
What conditions must be met for discharging a firearm at a moving vehicle?
Discharge is objectively reasonable and necessary to prevent imminent harm, with conditions including:
* Threat to officer or others with deadly force
* Vehicle operated to strike an officer or person
* Officers not positioned to create likelihood of being struck
What is the duty to intervene for law enforcement officers?
Officers must intervene to prevent another officer from using unnecessary or unreasonable force and report the incident
What are the key points from Commonwealth vs. Adams?
Duty to intervene
Say something
Stop things that are out of line
What does Graham vs. Connor establish regarding excessive force?
All claims of excessive force should be analyzed under the 4th amendment, focusing on objective reasonableness of officers’ actions based on totality of circumstances
What are the Graham Factors (SIRF)?
- Severity of the crime
- Immediate threat to safety
- Actively resisting arrest
- Attempting to evade by flight
What does Tennessee vs. Garner define regarding fleeing felons?
Deadly force to prevent escape is justified if:
* Probable cause to believe suspect poses threat
* Suspect has committed a serious crime
* Deadly force is necessary to prevent escape
* Where feasible, some warning should be given
What are the primary striking areas classified as green?
- Shoulder blades
- Point of shoulder
- Upper arm
- Forearm
- Inside of wrist
- Back of hand
- Lower abdomen
- Shin
- Instep
- Achilles tendon
- Buttocks
- Thigh
- Calf
What are the characteristics of the yellow striking area?
Secondary striking areas when green areas are ineffective, with moderate trauma and requiring additional justification
What defines the red striking area?
Final striking area for lethal force, generally causing significant injury, may include loss of consciousness, shock, or death
What is pepper spray classified as?
A compliance technique that affects the eyes, skin, and respiratory system
Fill in the blank: The green striking area is characterized by trauma that is _______.
minimal
Fill in the blank: The yellow striking area requires _______ justification than a strike to a green area.
additional
True or False: A law enforcement officer can restrict oxygen or blood flow to an individual’s head or neck.
False
