use of cog interview (do evaluation) Flashcards
when is it used?
to interview witnesses to a criminal event and also by forensic psychologists when carrying out an assessment and formulation of offenders
who created it?
geiselman
why was it created?
to increase accuracy of eyewitness accounts
what is it based upon?
cognitive psychology
what are the two concepts that it is based on?
1) that memory of events is based on associations so memory can be cued
2) retrivea is more effective when context is reinstated
how many stages are involved?
four
what are the four stages?
reinstate context
recall everything
change perspective
change order of recall
what is involved in reinstating context?
encourage witness to recall specific views and create an image of the environment
what is involved in reporting everything?
witnes given free recall to report everything about the incident without interruption, allowing unimportant information to surface that may then act as a cue
what is involved in changing perspectives?
witness adopts a viewpoint of someone else who was at the incident and recalls from their point of view, helps to recall events that may be omitted, only recall they saw not what they think witness saw
what is involved with changing order of events?
gives a more detailed recall, helps avoid skipping out details and avoid filling in gaps with schema
story
what is an important element in cognitive interview?
to avoid leading questions
what is the funnel approach
starting with broad questions and then become more narrow
what is the protocol for the interview?
introduction (build relationship) free recall tells story interviewer helps to build cues and goes through stages review of info closed
how is the interview closed?
in a way that means that it could be continued if needs be
what did holiday find?
that cognitive is more useful when interviewing children as young as five
what did fisher find?
found that after training, detectives gained as much as 47% more useful information form witnesses to real crimes compared to when using a standard one
how might the cognitive interview result in speculation?
if asked to view from another perspective
why is the cog interview costly?
as detectives need to be specialily trained in order for it to be used effectively
this training can be costly in terms of training staff and also using specialist staff
why does it require a high amount of concentration?
as it is not easy to not ask leading questions if they know about the event
requires practise
