brain injury Flashcards
how might brain injury be caused?
by accident or illness, traumatic or non traumatic
how is non traumatic brain injury caused?
alcohol and drug abuse
what does alcohol and drug abuse cause in the brain
interferes with the absorption of vitamin B1
what is vitamin B1?
an important brain nutrient
what does accidents and injuries on young brains cause?
causes them to misfire interrupting the development affecting their ability to control their impulses and actions
injury to area of impulse control during development can lead to..?
long term problems in impulse control and decision making
what is impulse control and decision making linked to?
ASB behaviour
what behaviour does injury to the amygdala cause?
irritability, aggression and impulsive behaviours
what did williams find?
that 60% of 196 male offenders had acquired brain injury
what age did williams say the brain fully develops?
25
who said the brain fully develops at 25?
williams
what is the percentage of head injury among offenders?
50-80%
what is the percentage of head injuries among general public?
10%
what causes a risk of offending later in life?
early brain injury
what are the risk factors in those with brain injury?
cognitive impairment
loss of self regulation
what does injury to the anterior brain cause?
loss of natural bias away from aggression, use it instead of other options
what is an example of a case study associated with brain injury?
phineas gage
what can cognitive impairment cause difficulties with?
working memory and learning
which area of the brain is associated with loss of self regulation?
orbito frontal lobes
why is the example reductionist?
doesn’t take into account other factors such as social, takes a behaviour and simplifies it into one explanation
what case study can support the theory?
phineas gage
what is the weakness of using case studies?
not generalisable, brains may react differently
what are the ethical concerns in studying the theory?
may not be ethical, e.g. to study behaviour before and after injury
why is it difficult to isolate the factors?
may not just be brain injury causing criminal behaviour
is graft man et al a strength or weakness?
strength
what did graft man et al find?
vietnam head injury study - found 14% of brain injury patients were in fights compared to 4% without
what did williams find that supports the study?
60% of 196 males who were all younger than those without, demonstrating the theory of misfiring
why is the study useful?
in rehabilitation, treatment, greater awareness, early intervention
