US History Final 2 Flashcards
What is significant about the battle at Gettysburg?
Turning point of the war, 1st clear cut victory for the North
What was the Anaconda plan?
North’s offensive goal was to capture Richmond and the Mississippi River to blockade ports, cutting off imports and exports
Who was General Stonewall Jackson?
Confederate general, remembered for his Christian testimony
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
Statement made by Lincoln which declared freedom for slaves in the Confederacy (after the Battle of Antietam)
What were the North’s advantages in the Civil War?
Advantage in population, food production, and industrial output; also had a strong Navy and good transportation facilities
What were the South’s advantages in the Civil War?
Better trained leaders, head start in preparation and accustomed to outdoor life, had Slaves to take care of crops
What was the central issue surrounding the Civil War?
Whether states that voluntarily joined the Union leave the Union
What town gave the Union control of the entire Mississippi River?
Vickburg
Where was the South’s surrender signed?
Appomattox Courthouse
How could Southern states be readmitted into the Union?
States could be admitted after they met certain requirements, i.e. their citizens declaring allegiance to the Union, and meeting qualifications for Southern leadership and pardons
What was the 13th amendment?
Permanently abolished slavery
How did Congress attempt to impeach President Johnson?
House brings charges abainst Pres. Johnson; he is tried by the Senate. One vote short of 2/3rds needed to remove him from office
Who were carpetbaggers?
Northern politicians who went South after the war to take advantage of political opportunity
What was sharecropping?
A system of farming in which a plantation owner divided his land into small plots worked by former slaves and their families
What was the Ku Klux Klan?
Secret society that used illegal methods in an attempt to improve the situation in the South
Who was Ulysses Grant?
President from 1869-1887, Civil War Hero
What was the Compromise of 1877?
Provided for the removal of all federal troops from Southern States
What were the Twin Pillars of trade for the South?
Tobacco and textiles
Who won the 1896 election?
William McKinley (front porch campaign)
Who was Fanny Crosby?
Blind hymn writer
What was the Interstate Commerce Act?
Passed to provide federal regulation for the Railroad Industry
Who were the first baseball World Series champions?
the Boston Pilgrims
What is Social Darwinism?
Used to defend the development of monopolies in industry
What was Manila Bay?
US victory over the Spanish fleet in the Pacific by Commodore George Dewey
What was the De Lome letter?
Derogatory comments about the President, was intercepted and printed
What project was finished in 1869 that connected the United States from each end?
the Continental Railroad
What animal was key to Native American’s nomadic life?
Buffalo
Who was Sitting Bull?
Famous Indian medicine man
What caused land rushes?
When the government decided to open large sections of the Indian Territory (Oklahoma) to white settlement, it decided to do so in five large blows called land runs
Who produced the first affordable automobile in 1908 and developed the assembly line process?
Henry Ford
What were Jim Crow laws?
Laws in the South that forced segregation
Who was William Howard Taft?
Teddy Roosevelt’s successor on the Republican ticket
What is Dollar Diplomacy?
Attempt to influence foreign affairs through investments
What is segregation?
Occurred mostly in the South, separated black and white people
What is the 19th amendment?
Attempt to influence foreign affairs through investmentS
Who was Susan B. Anthony?
Suffragette
What was Prohibition?
Ban on manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages (18th amendment)
What event sparked World War 1?
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdienand and his wife Sophia in Sarajevo
Who opposed the Treaty of Versailles because of the threat to America’s national sovereignty?
Henry Cabot Lodge
Who led Germany in World War 1?
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Who was Major Whittlesly?
Leader of the Lost Battalion
What countries were in the Triple Entente?
Great Britain, France, and Russia
What events caused America’s entry into World War 2?
Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare, Zimmerman note, U-boats sunk unarmed vessels
What was the Lusitania?
Ship that was sunk off the coast of Ireland (128 Americans killed)
What ended World War 1?
Treaty of Versailles
What is speculation?
Buying at a low price hoping to sell at a higher price
What was the Scopes Trial?
Effort to remove teaching of evolution in public schools
What was the 1st commercial radio station broadcast the election results?
KDKA
Who were flappers?
Young women who attempted to look liberated
Who was the 1st man to fly a solo non-stop flight across the Atlantic?
Charles Lindbergh
Who won the 1920 election with the slogan “Return to Normalcy”?
Warren Harding
What event began the Great Depression?
Market Crash of 1929
What was the Red Scare?
Wave of leftist bombings
What was the Dust Bowl?
A severe drought that hit the Great Plains (Oklahoma was the hardest hit)
What was the Civilian Conservation Corps?
Civilian Conservation Corps
Who was Eleanor Roosevelt?
First Lady, advocate against racial discrimination
What were fireside chats?
Roosevelt would be broadcasted on the radio, talked about economic recovery for America
What was the Great Depression?
Downfall of America’s economy in the 1930’s
What were the causes of the Great Depression?
Growing debt of consumers, greedy businessmen, government failure to intervene, European debt to US, growth of pessimism
What was the Bonus Expeditionary Force?
A group of WWI Veterans demanded an early bonus
What were the 3 R’s?
Relief, Recovery, and Reform
What was internment?
Placement of Japanese Americans in detention camp
What was Pearl Harbor?
Japan’s on the US, event that caused the US to enter World War 2
Who was the appointed Supreme Allied Commander?
General Dwight Eisenhower
What is the German term for ‘lightning war’?
Blitzkreig
