Chapter 7 Flashcards
5 Provisions of the Articles of Confederation were:
1) Each state retained its sovereignty
2) Unicameral (no executive or judicial)
3) Each state had 1 vote regardless of size
4) Legislation had to be approved by 9 of 13
5) No power to tax
What was the first document to unite the colonies under one government?
Articles of Confederation
The Confederation was successful because it made Britain recognize American indpendence at the the _________ __ ________.
Treaty of Paris
Ordinance of 1784
Never went into effect
Land Ordinance of 1785
Divided land into townships for sale ($1.00 per acre) and develoment
NW Ordinance of 1787
Provided for gradual development of self-government
Confederation financial failures:
1) National government was almost always broke
2) Continental dollars- US govt. paper money was almost worthless, as compared to gold and silver
Foreign weaknesses of the Confedertion:
1) Separate interests of states hampered govt. conduct
2) Barbary Pirates
Domestic weaknesses of the Confederation:
1) Newburgh Conspiracy- a group of military officers trried to force the govt. to pay salaries and pensions
2) Shay’s Rebellion- farmers forced several courts to close in Mass.
George Washington’s home was…
Mount Vernon
Which convention was not very well attended?
Anapolis Convention
What did the Constitutional Convention produce?
The Constituion!
Where was the Constitutional Convention held?
Held at Independence Hall in Philadelphia
How many delegates were at the Constitutional Convention?
55 from all states except R.I.
Who is the Father of the Constitution?
James Madison
Who was known as the “Great American Statesman”?
Benjamin Franklin
The Constituion is a “bundle of ___________”
compromises
Who was the Constitutional Convention’s president?
George Washington
What two plans were put forward to represent states in legislature?
Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan
What was the Virginia Plan?
Presented by Edmund Randolph, bicameral (2 houses), number of representatives based on state population
What was the New Jersey plan?
Presented by William Paterson, unicameral, each state 1 vote
What was the Great Compromise (Connecticut Plan)?
Representation in lower house (by population), upper house equal for all states
What was the 3/5th compromise?
Slaves counted as 3/5thof a person for representation and taxes
What does Compromise and Slave trade compromise grant Congress?
Granted Congress power to regulate trade with certain limitations
Limited government means that we need a balance between what 2 things?
individual freedom and civil peace
The Separation of Powers is…
division of government into separate branches
Which branch makes laws?
Legislative
Which branch enforces laws?
Executive
Which branch interprets the laws?
Judicial
Having checks and balances prevents ___________.
Tyranny
What is federalism?
Division of power between national and state levels of government
What is the belief that the ultimate source of government power is vested in the people?
Popular Sovereignty
What are changes to the Constitution called?
Ammendments
The preamble to the Constitution begins with….
“We the people…”
