Chapter 20: World War 2 Flashcards
What was the government in Germany before Hitler came to power?
Bavarian government
Who was the leader of Germany during World War 2?
Adolf Hitler (known as Der Fuhrer)
What book did Hitler write?
Wrote Mein Kampf (ideas of a new German order, to end democracy in Germany, and to eliminate the Jews)
What was Hitler’s government called?
3rd Reich
Who was the dictator of Italy?
Benito Mussolini
What sort of government did Italy have?
Fascist (Black Shirts crushed all resistance)
Who was the leader of Japan?
Hideki Tojo (Military Head of Japan)
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union?
Joseph Stalin (succeeded Lenin)
Who was the first aggressor in WWII?
Japan (against Manchuria, China)
What sort of union did Hitler begin with Austria?
an Anschluss
What other lands did Hitler add to Germany before World War II?
Rhineland, Sudetenland, Czechaslovakia
Which leader recognized the aggressive expansion of Nazi Germany?
Winston Churchill
What agreement did Hitler make with the Soviet Union?
Non-agression pact
What day did Hitler begin World War II?
September 1, 1939- Hitler invaded Poland sparking WWII
What were the Luftwaffe?
Nazi Air Force
What was the German War Machine called?
Wehrmacht
What was the German term for “lightning war”?
Blitzkrieg
What 3 European countries did Germany conquer?
Denmark, Norway, and France
What was Germany’s invasion of USSR called?
Barbarossa
What did the Neutrality Act of 1937 do?
Cut off US military supplies to belligerents
What did the Neutrality Act of 1939 do?
Cash and Carry principle
Who was the head of America’s Neutrality Committee?
Charles Lindbergh
Who ran in the election 1940?
FDR vs. Wendell Willkie (FDR won)
What were FDR’s 4 freedom?
Speech, Worship, From Want, and From Fear (Norman Rockwell’s paintings)
What act empowered the President to supply allied nations?
Lend-Lease Act
What was the Atlantic Charter?
Churchill and FDR met at Placentia Bay, Newfoundland to draw up a list of common principles
What was Pearl Harbor?
On December 1941, Japan attacked the US
What did the US do with Japanese-Americans?
They were put in detention camps
What islands did the US surrender to Japan?
Phillipines
What was the turning point of the war in the Pacific?
Midway
Who was the admiral that destroyed Japan’s carriers?
Chester Nimitz
What board was in charge of conversion of civilian to military production?
War Production Board
What were ration books?
Issued to every American for the purchases of sugar, coffee, meat, butter, etc.
What were things done for the war effort?
Victory Gardens and scrap drives
Who was Rosie the Riveter?
Woman who was on posters which encouraged women to enter traditionally male jobs
What were Axis Taxes?
Taxes to pay for the war
Who was Bernie Montgomery?
British Gen. sent to deal with Afrika Corp
What was the Casablanca Conference?
Casablanca Conference- FDR and CHurchill met to devise strategy
When was D-Day?
June 6, 1944
Who was the appointed Supreme Allied Commander?
Gen. Eisenhower
What battle was Hitler’s counter offensive through the Ardennes?
Battle of the Bulge
What was the strategy to take key islands from the Japanese?
Island Hopping
What is the volcanic island where one of the most famous pictures of the war was taken?
Iwo Jima
What was the bloodiest single campaign in the Pacific?
Okinawa
What were Kamikaze?
Japanese sucide planes loaded with explosives
What was the Yalta Conference?
Big three meet (FDR, Churchill, and Stalin)
What is VE Day?
May 8, 1945
What called on Japan to surrender unconditionally?
Potsdam Declaration
Who was the new British Prime Minister?
Clement Atlee
Who becomes President after FDR dies?
Harry S Truman
Where did the US drop atomic bombs on Japan, and what dates?
Hiroshima- August 6
When does Japan surrender to the US?
September 2, 1945 on board the USS Missouri
What were Displaced People camps?
Camps for Jewish people and others who were in concentration camps
Where were Nazi’s tried for war crimes?
Nuremberg Trials
What is the Holocaust?
Slaughter of 6 million Jews
What death camps were there?
Auschwitz, Dachau, Treblinka
