UROLOGY(Urethra & Penis ) Flashcards
Name the four parts of male urethra
Prosthetic urethra (most distensible)
membranes urethra (shortest part, least distensible)
bulbar urethra (MC Site for rupture)
Penile urethra (longest)
What is the most common site for urethral trauma?
Bulbar urethra
What is the most common congenital anomaly of urethra?
Hypospadias (urethra opening is ventrally placed)
What is the most severe type of hypospodias?
Perineal (Proximal Hypospodias )
At what age a surgery can be performed to correct hypospadias ?
6-12 months
Principal steps for hypospodias
Orthoplasty
Urethroplasty
Glanuloplasty
Skin cover and scroto plasty
Which surgery is done in Distal hypospodias?
Single stage surgery (mustardee mathieu/TIP)
Which surgery is done in Mid hypospodias?
Single stage/double stage surgery (Snodgrass procedure)
Which surgery is done in proximal hypospodias?
Two stage surgery (Thiersch duplay /Dennis-Brown repair )
What is Epispadiasis?
The urethral opening is dorsally placed
Most severe form of epispadiasis is ?
Ectopia Vesicae
Which classification is used for posterior urethral valve ?
Young’s classification
Diagnosis of Posterior urethral vale is made by
MCU (micturating cystourethrogram)
Key Hole defect is seen
Which sign is seen in proximal urethral Trauma. ?
Vermooten sign
Which sign is seen in trauma to distal urethra ?
Butterfly Hematoma (involving penis and scrotum )
Diagnosis in urethral trauma is made by ?
RGU
Which procedure is done in long and complete stricture ?
Barbagli Urethroplasty (buccal mucosa graft is most commonly used to bridge the gap )
Eggplant deformity (hematoma) seen in
Fracture of shaft penis
Circumcision in phimosis is done at Which age?
> 6 years of age
Infection of glans or prepuce known as
Balanoposthisis
Incision during circumcision is made at
Dorsally (due to presence of frenular vessels )
What is paraphimosis
Foreskin forms a constriction ring around penis
Recently how do surgeons treat phimosis?
Plastibell / Gono clamp / Stapples
If conservative management (apple jeely ) fails in paraphimosis what should do ?
Dorsal Slit procedure
What is Peyronie’s disease
Deposition of calcified plaque in corpora cavernosa
Which procedure is done if madical management (CCB) fails or in long standing case of peyronie’s disease ?
Nesbit procedure
What is priaprism
Prolong erection of penis >4 hours
If erection last >6 hours : Ischemia / necrosis
Medical management for priaprism is?
Sedation and inject Adrenaline /PhenylEphrine into corpora
What if medical management fails in priaprism? Describe 4 shunts
Gray Hack shunt (corporo saphenous)
Winter / Al- ghorab shunt (corporo glanular shunt)
Quackel /Sacher shunt ( corpora spongiosal shunt)
Barry shunt (corpora dorsal vein shunt)
Which staging is use in penile cancer
Jackson Staging
MCC of death following Penile cancer
Erosion of femoral \ illiac vessels
MIMP prognostic factor in penile cancer
Inguinal lymph node status
what is Fowler syndrome ?
Seen in ladies with PCOS abnormal myotonic discharge of striated, urethral sphincter
What is the most distensible part of urethra ?
Prostatic urethra
What is the least distensible part of the urethra
Membranous urethra
What is chordee ?
Downward bending of the penis
MCC of hypospodias
Urethrocutaneous Fistula
What is the mechanism of injury of distal urethra ?
Straddle injury
IOC for PUV is
MCUG
In hypospadias ____ chordee is seen while in Epispadias ____chordee seen
- Ventral
- Dorsal
MCC OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
Stress
Premalignant lesion of the squamous cell carcinoma includes
Bowen disease
Erythroplasia of Queyrat
BXO
Leukoplakia
In penile carcinoma total amputation of penis is done if the stump is …
> 2 cm
