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Thorax And Mediastiunum Flashcards

1
Q

Post aspiration, lung abscesses are common in

A

Posterior part of the upper lobe of the right lung
Superior part of the lower lobe of the right lung 

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2
Q

Which score is used to assess the morbidity and mortality after thoracic surgery

A

Thoraco score

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3
Q

What is the rule of thumb?

A

If patient has first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax, there is 1/3rd chance of recurrence,
second episode 50% will develop pneumothorax 
third episode 100% will develop pneumothorax

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4
Q

What is the surgical option in pneumothorax?

A

VATS

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5
Q

What is pleurodesis?

A

A medical procedure, that uses chemicals or drugs to cause inflammation and adhesion between the layers of pleura
 this prevents the buildup of fluid in the pleural cavity


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6
Q

What are the three phases of empyema?

A

Exudative phase
Fibropurulent phase
organized phase -surgical intervention VATS> open

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7
Q

Maximum cancer related mortality in both males and females are seen in

A

Lung cancer

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8
Q

Describe features of SVC syndrome due to lung cancer

A

Facial and cerebral edema, hypertension, restlessness

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9
Q

Management of small cell lung cancer

A

Chemotherapy

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10
Q

Management of non-small cell lung cancer

A

, radiotherapy TOC and steroids

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11
Q

HPE of lung cancer 

A

Azzopardi effect and salt and pepper chromatin

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12
Q

What are the Immunohisto chemical marker of lung cancer

A

NCAM & Chromogranin

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13
Q

MC cancer associated with smoking is

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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14
Q

MC cancer gives rise to Pancoast tumor

A

SCC of lung

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15
Q

Symptoms of horner’s syndrome

A

Ptosis , Miosis , anhidrosis , enophthalnus

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16
Q

HPE Of horner syndrome

A

keratin perls

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17
Q

Immunohistochemistry of horner’s syndrome

A

Cytokeratin peals
P40 (new marker )

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18
Q

Marker of adenocarcinoma of lung is

A

Napsin4

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19
Q

Bronchoalveolar carcinoma k/a adenocarcinoma in situ is

A

Lepidic Pattern of growth (grows along bronchoalveolar lining) —> multifocal And can involve other lung .

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20
Q

What are 3 types bronchoalveolar carcinoma k/a adenocarcinoma in situ

A

Lepidic pattern of growth (grows along bronchoalveolar lining) — multifocal and can involve other lung. Non metastatic — resectsble

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21
Q

In bronchoplastic resection which resection is done

A

Sleeve

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22
Q

MC done thoracotomy is

A

Posterolateral thoracotomy

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23
Q

MC benign tumor of lung

A

Hamartoma

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24
Q

X ray identification of hamartoma includes

A

Coin shaped/ popcorn calcification

25
MC overall mediastinal tumor
Thymoma( ant mediastinum)
26
Which staging system is used for thymoma
Masaoka staging system
27
Which lymphoma most commonly seen in anterior mediastinum
Terrible lymphoma
28
MC middle mediastinal mass
Pericardial cyst
29
MC posterior mediastinal mass ; MC mediastinal mass seen in children is
Neurogenic tumor
30
MC site for extra gonadal GCT is
Anterior Mediastinum
31
Which markers elevated in malignant GCT
αFP , βHCG , LDH
32
Massive hemoptysis is defined as expectoration of more than how much ml blood in 24 hours
600 ml
33
Coronary graft is most commonly taken from
Saphenous vein Exception ; for LAD artery , LIMA graft is used
34
Post surgery, which are the two predictors for dyspnea following lung surgery
FEVI (forced expiratory volume in one second)  DIFFUSION CAPACITY
35
Which kind of pneumothorax is well-tolerated
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
36
Management of pneumothorax in asymptomatic patient
It is a self limiting condition
37
What to do if symptomatic patient is present with primary spontaneous pneumothorax
Aspiration of the pneumothorax
38
Management of a patient presents with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
Aspiration, if condition does not improve Chester tube insertion in the triangle of safety
39
Boundaries of the triangle of safety
Anteriorly ; anterior axillary fold formed by the pectoralis major posteriorly ; posterior axillary fold formed by the latissimus dorsi base ; fifth intercostal space apex ; is present in axilla
40
Small cell lung cancer is also known as
Oat cell
41
CF off SVC syndrome
Facial and cerebral edema, hypertension and breathlessness is also seen
42
In non-small cell lung cancer there is released off
PTH, related peptide, leading to hypercalcemia of malignancy 
43
Which tumor is radiosensitive
SCC
44
What is the most common feature of lung cancer?
Cough
45
Most common cancer, which metastasizes to the brain
Lung cancer
46
SCC responds well to……& small cell lung cancer respond well to
SCC ; Radiotherapy Small cell lung cancer; Chemotherapy
47
Pathology of superior mediastinum
 Lymphoma parasternal, goiter parathyroid adenomas
48
Pathology of anterior mediastinum
Thymoma : MC mediastinal tumor Lymphoma Mediastinal germ cell tumor like teratoma
49
Pathology of middle mediastinum
It is the most common site of lymphoma in the mediastinum Cystic lesion (mc) ; pericardial cyst(mc) Lymphomas Mesenchymal tumors
50
Pathology of posterior mediastinum
Neurogenic tumors (most common in posterior mediastinum)are the most common mediastinum tumor in children cystic lesion
51
Thymoma associated with which disease
Myasthenia gravis
52
Which surgery help in myasthenia gravis patient disease control
Thymectomy
53
Thymectomy is performed by which route
Small lesion transcervical route large lesion, thoracotomy route
54
What is sequestration of the lung tissue?
A portion of language receives its blood supply from an aberrant blood vessel arising from the thoracic aorta
55
Features of intralobar sequestration
Left = right Most common in lower lobe Blood supply ; descending aorta
56
Extralobar sequestration
Left >right
57
Most common tumor of middle mediastinum
Lymphoma
58
Lymphoma mice commonly occurs in
Anterior mediastinum
59
Most common Mass of middle mediastinum
Pericardial cyst

Surgery (30 decks)

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