Trauma (basics)

Question 1

Which Information should obtain from driver / Responder at the trauma scene

Answer 1

MIST
Mechanism
Injuries
Sign and Symptoms
Treatment given

Question 2

Which Information should obtain from Patient at the trauma scene

Answer 2

AMPLE
Allergies
Medical Condition
Past history
Last meal
Event leading to trauma

Question 3

Which position is used to prevent aspiration

Answer 3

Prone Position

Question 4

Cervical / Philadelphia collar is used for

Answer 4

Used for minimal immobilization
Supports cervical Spine

Question 5

What is golden hour in trauma

Answer 5

1st hour following trauma

Question 6

What is platinum minutes

Answer 6

1st 10 minutes following trauma

Question 7

Internationally accepted for color-coded system used as a triage in trauma

Answer 7

Red - Emergency
Yellow - medium priority
Green - ambulatory patient
Black - dead or morbid

Question 8

In hospital for trauma patients which protocol is followed

Answer 8

ABCD
BLS , ACLS follows CAB protocol

Question 9

In field setting (site of accident / war) which protocol is follow

Answer 9

cABCD
control of exsanguinating haemorrhage

Question 10

What is the tertiary survey in trauma management

Answer 10

NEXUS criteria

Question 11

Nasotracheal intubation is c/i in

Answer 11

Anterior skull base fracture

Question 12

What is the emergency management if orotracheal intibation is not possible ?

Answer 12

Needle Cricothyroidotomy

Question 13

What is the definitive management if orotracheal intibation is not possible ?

Answer 13

Tracheostomy

Question 14

In Needle Cricothyroidotomy high flow oxygen rate is given at rate of

Answer 14

15 liters/min

Question 15

Surgical cricothyroidotomy is avoided in which patients and why

Answer 15

<12 years ; due to risk of subglottic stenosis

Question 16

How many IV lines should be inserted to provide adequate circulation in trauma patient

Answer 16

2 large bore IV lines
18G needle

Question 17

Emergency management in patient if unable to insert IV line

Answer 17

Venous cut down - Great saphenous vein
Intraosseous insertion

Question 18

Definitive management in patient if unable to insert IV line

Answer 18

Central Line insertion

Question 19

What is the role of tranexamic acid in CRASH-2- trial of trauma patient

Answer 19

Significantly reduce mortality in adult trauma patient

Question 20

What is the dose of tranexamic acid

Answer 20

1g over first 10 minutes followed by 1g over 8 hours

Question 21

REBOA is useful for

Answer 21

Trauma patient that are decompensating

Question 22

REBOA is introduced through

Answer 22

Common femoral artery to reach up till the aorta and inflate the basin

Question 23

Damage control resuscitation includes

Answer 23

1. Early hemorrhage control
2. Control permissive hypotension
3. Limit crystalloid infusion (It prevents Dilution coagulopathy )
4. 1:1:1 product ratios

Question 24

What to do if there are two motor response present in question

Answer 24

Best motor response should be taken into consideration

Question 25

What is log roll in trauma patient

Answer 25

Is used to examine back of a trauma patient. Require minimum 4 people.

Question 26

What is ISS

Answer 26

Injury severity score Maximum:75

Question 27

RTS involves

Answer 27

GCS SBP RR

Question 28

Triss includes

Answer 28

Revised trauma score Mechanism of injury Age of patient

Question 29

Mess includes

Answer 29

Type of injury Shock present or absent Ischemia Age Score : <6 = salvageable limb >=7 Amputation

Question 30

What is triage used for

Answer 30

To classify priority of treatment

Question 31

How much GCS is described as compromised airway

Answer 31

8 or less than 8

Question 32

What is judicious fluid therapy

Answer 32

1Lt of fluid instead of 2Lt

Question 33

Hypotension in acute spinal injury is due to

Answer 33

Loss of sympathetic tone

Question 34

What is NEXUS Criteria

Answer 34

There are five criteria included under NEXUS. If a trauma patient meets all five criteria, then no radiography is required and the cervical c-spine collar may be removed. However, if any one of the criteria is met then radiography is done to evaluate further.

Question 35

NEXUS criteria includes

Answer 35

1. No posterior midline cervical spinal tenderness 2. No evidence of intoxication 3. A normal level of alertness 4. No focal neurologic deficit 5. No painful distracting injuries

Question 36

In superficial neck injury, there is a sudden death due to

Answer 36

Air embolism through the external jugular vein