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Surgery > Trauma (basics) > Flashcards

Trauma (basics) Flashcards

1
Q

Which Information should obtain from driver / Responder at the trauma scene

A

MIST
Mechanism
Injuries
Sign and Symptoms
Treatment given

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2
Q

Which Information should obtain from Patient at the trauma scene

A

AMPLE
Allergies
Medical Condition
Past history
Last meal
Event leading to trauma

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3
Q

Which position is used to prevent aspiration

A

Prone Position

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4
Q

Cervical / Philadelphia collar is used for

A

Used for minimal immobilization
Supports cervical Spine

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5
Q

What is golden hour in trauma

A

1st hour following trauma

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6
Q

What is platinum minutes

A

1st 10 minutes following trauma

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7
Q

Internationally accepted for color-coded system used as a triage in trauma

A

Red - Emergency
Yellow - medium priority
Green - ambulatory patient
Black - dead or morbid

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8
Q

In hospital for trauma patients which protocol is followed

A

ABCD
BLS , ACLS follows CAB protocol

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9
Q

In field setting (site of accident / war) which protocol is follow

A

cABCD
control of exsanguinating haemorrhage

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10
Q

What is the tertiary survey in trauma management

A

NEXUS criteria

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11
Q

Nasotracheal intubation is c/i in

A

Anterior skull base fracture

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12
Q

What is the emergency management if orotracheal intibation is not possible ?

A

Needle Cricothyroidotomy

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13
Q

What is the definitive management if orotracheal intibation is not possible ?

A

Tracheostomy

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14
Q

In Needle Cricothyroidotomy high flow oxygen rate is given at rate of

A

15 liters/min

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15
Q

Surgical cricothyroidotomy is avoided in which patients and why

A

<12 years ; due to risk of subglottic stenosis

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16
Q

How many IV lines should be inserted to provide adequate circulation in trauma patient

A

2 large bore IV lines
18G needle

17
Q

Emergency management in patient if unable to insert IV line

A

Venous cut down - Great saphenous vein
Intraosseous insertion

18
Q

Definitive management in patient if unable to insert IV line

A

Central Line insertion

19
Q

What is the role of tranexamic acid in CRASH-2- trial of trauma patient

A

Significantly reduce mortality in adult trauma patient

20
Q

What is the dose of tranexamic acid

A

1g over first 10 minutes followed by 1g over 8 hours

21
Q

REBOA is useful for

A

Trauma patient that are decompensating

22
Q

REBOA is introduced through

A

Common femoral artery to reach up till the aorta and inflate the basin

23
Q

Damage control resuscitation includes

A
  1. Early hemorrhage control
  2. Control permissive hypotension
  3. Limit crystalloid infusion (It prevents Dilution coagulopathy )
  4. 1:1:1 product ratios
24
Q

What to do if there are two motor response present in question

A

Best motor response should be taken into consideration

25
Q

What is log roll in trauma patient

A

Is used to examine back of a trauma patient. Require minimum 4 people.

26
Q

What is ISS

A

Injury severity score
Maximum:75

27
Q

RTS involves

A

GCS
SBP
RR

28
Q

Triss includes

A

Revised trauma score
Mechanism of injury
Age of patient

29
Q

Mess includes

A

Type of injury
Shock present or absent
Ischemia
Age
Score : <6 = salvageable limb
>=7 Amputation

30
Q

What is triage used for

A

To classify priority of treatment

31
Q

How much GCS is described as compromised airway

A

8 or less than 8

32
Q

What is judicious fluid therapy

A

1Lt of fluid instead of 2Lt

33
Q

Hypotension in acute spinal injury is due to

A

Loss of sympathetic tone

34
Q

What is NEXUS Criteria

A

There are five criteria included under NEXUS. If a trauma patient meets all five criteria, then no radiography is required and the cervical c-spine collar may be removed. However, if any one of the criteria is met then radiography is done to evaluate further.

35
Q

NEXUS criteria includes

A
  1. No posterior midline cervical spinal tenderness
  2. No evidence of intoxication
  3. A normal level of alertness
  4. No focal neurologic deficit
  5. No painful distracting injuries
36
Q

In superficial neck injury, there is a sudden death due to

A

Air embolism through the external jugular vein

Surgery (30 decks)

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