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Surgery > Urology (TESTICULAR DISORDER) > Flashcards

Urology (TESTICULAR DISORDER) Flashcards

1
Q

Undescended testes is more common at which side

A

It is more common on right side, because descent occurs later on the right side

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2
Q

What is cryptorchidism?

A

Testis is arrested bilaterally along normal path of descent (right >left)

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3
Q

Most common site for cryptorchidism is?

A

Inguinal canal

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4
Q

Right and left testicular rain drains into

A

Right testicular vein drains into IVC and left testicular vein drains into left renal vein

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5
Q

Spontaneous decent of testees can occur during which age

A

4 to 5 months

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6
Q

What is the investigation of choice for the intra-abdominal testis?

A

Diagnostic laparoscopy 

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7
Q

Name the three techniques of orchidopexy

A

Stephen fowler technique
Keetley Torek procedure
silbar procedure

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8
Q

What is the most common complication of orchidopexy?

A

Indirect, inguinal hernia

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9
Q

On doppler with sign is seen in torsion of cyst of morgagni

A

Blue dot sign

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10
Q

High investment of Tunica vaginalis which is the most common predisposing factor of torsion of testes is known as

A

Bell clapper, testes

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11
Q

What are the three signs to differentiate torsion and epididymo orchitis

A

Prehan sign,
Deming sign
Angel sign

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12
Q

Most common organism in epididymo orchitis for age less then 40 year is

A

Chlamydia

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13
Q

Most common organism in epididymo orchitis for age greater than 40 to 45 year is

A

E. coli (secondary to UTI)

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14
Q

What is hydrocele?

A

Fluid accumulation in Tunica vaginalis

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15
Q

What is the most common type of hydrocele?

A

Vaginal hydrocele

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16
Q

Name the four types of hydrocele

A

Vaginal hydrocele
infantile hydrocele
congenital hydrocele
hydrocele of the cord

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17
Q

MCC OF secondary vaginal hydrocele

A

Epididymo orchitis

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18
Q

Which sign is positive in a hydrocele

A

Fluctuations sign

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19
Q

Which surgery is done for large hydrocele?

A

Jaboulay’s procedure :eversion of the sac

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20
Q

What is the most common procedure done for the hydrocele?

A

Jaboulay’s procedure

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21
Q

Which surgery is done for small hydrocele

A

Lord’s plication

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22
Q

Chinese lantern pattern (transilllumination) crystal clear fluid is seen in ?

A

Epididymal cyst

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23
Q

In a vaginal hydrocele if it’s possible to get above the, swelling what does it indicate?

A

It is a scrotal swelling

24
Q

What is vericocele

A

Dilated tortuous, pampiniform plexus of veins (LEFT&raquo_space;RIGHT)

25
Q

Bag of worms appearance is seen in

A

Varicoele

26
Q

In hydrocele surgery retroperitoneal route approach is known as

A

Palmo’s procedure (high ligation of veins)

27
Q

What is Fournier’s gangrene

A

Necrotizing fasciitis involving the perineal region
It is synergistic gangrene (aerobic + anaerobic)

28
Q

If fourneir’s gangrene extend to abdominal wall it is known as

A

Meleney’s gangrene

29
Q

What is the most common testicular tumor overall?

A

Seminomatous germ cell tumor

30
Q

What is the most common testicular tumor in children?

A

yolk, sac, tumors

31
Q

What is the most common testicular tumor in elders?

A

Lymphomas

32
Q

What is the most common bilateral testicular tumor?

A

Lymphomas

33
Q

What is the most common clinical presentation of testicular tumor?

A

Painless, testicular mass

34
Q

What is Hurricane tumor

A

It is very aggressive choriocarcinoma
Median survival period: 6 months
It’s grow so quickly that it out grow it’s blood supply
Mets to other organ

35
Q

Which testicular tumor is present with the feature of feminization

A

Sertoli cell tumor

36
Q

Which tumor is present with the feature of masculinization

A

Leydig cell tumor(gynaecomastia)

37
Q

Translate scrotal biopsy/FNAC is not done in testicular cancer, because

A

There’s a chance of risk to upstaging the tumor

38
Q

Which manoeuvre is done in suspected case of testicular tumor

A

Chevassu Manoeuvre

39
Q

Tumor markers of testicular cancer are

A

 Beta hCG
LDH
AFP

40
Q

What value is never raised in pure seminomatous tumor

A

AFP

41
Q

Inhibin is raised in which tumor

A

Leydig/sertoli cell tumor

42
Q

In seminomas which lab value raised ?

A

Placental ALP

43
Q

HPE of non seminimatous germ cell tumor shows

A

Schiller-duval bodies

44
Q

Seminomatous tumours are highly _____ and Non Seminomatous tumours are highly ______

A

Radiosensitive
Chemosensitive

45
Q

BEP regime of chemotherapy includes

A

Bleomycin
Etoposide
Cisplatin

46
Q

Signs of tubercular epididymo orchitis

A

Beaded vas
Firm enlargement of the epididymis

47
Q

Which tumor contains both germ, cell and sex code Stromal elements

A

Gonadoblastoma

48
Q

AFP is never raised in

A

Pure seminomas and Pure choriocarcinoma

49
Q

What is the most common site for ectopic testis?

A

Superficial inguinal pouch

50
Q

RF for developing testicular carcinoma

A

Undescended testis
Klinfleltor syndrome
H/o c/l testicular tumor
Shale oil expose

51
Q

Left sided testicular tumor metastasis to which lymph nodes?

A

Left para-aortic nodes

52
Q

Right sided testicular tumor metastasis to which lymph nodes?

A

Interaortocaval nodes

53
Q

Ideal timing to do orchidoexy

A

6-12 months

54
Q

Primary vaginal Hydrocele?

A

Defective Absorption of Fluid ;
Tense swelling ;
Testis is not palpable
Clear fluid (Transilluminant)

55
Q

Sexondary varicocele is seen in

A

RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

Surgery (30 decks)

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