Urology Handbook Notes Flashcards
1
Q
mnemonic for LUTS?
A
FUND WISE Frequency urgency nocturia Dysuria weak stream/dribbling intermittent flow straining emptying incompletely
2
Q
Urological PMHx?
A
prev UTIs (esp. men) stones anatomic abnormalities DMII autoimmune stroke Ca hx smoking surg
3
Q
urological Medication Hx?
A
anticholinergics antipsychotics antidepressants (paroxetine) mood stabilisers eg. lithium hormone therapy chemotherapy
4
Q
etiology of haematuria for age 0-20
A
uti, glomerulonphritis
congenital abnormalities
5
Q
etiology of haematuria 20-40
A
uti
stones
bladder tumour
exercise
6
Q
etiology of haematuria 40-60
A
bladder tumour, stones, UTI
7
Q
etiology of haematuria >60
A
BPH male
bladder tumour
UTI
RCC
8
Q
pseudohaematuria causes?
A
vaginal bleed dyes (beets, rhodamine B hemolytic anaemia rhabdo drugs (rifampicin, phenazopyridine porphyria laxatives (phenolphthalein)
9
Q
Pre-prenal causes of haematuria
A
anticoagulants thromboembolism sickle cell neoplasms leukaemia
10
Q
renal causes of haematuria?
A
stone trauma RCC TCC wilm's pyelo glomeroulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, TB infarct, PCKD AVM, exercise
11
Q
post renal causes of haematuria ?
A
stone bladder Ca TCC cystitis urethritis BPH foreign body urethral stricture trauma TB polyps
12
Q
4 main causes of urinary retention?
A
outlet obstruction
bladder innervation
pharmacologic
infection
13
Q
causes of impaired bladder innervation?
A
stroke tumour parkinsons CP spinal cord MS Diabetes post sx
14
Q
what main drugs cause urinary retention?
A
anticholinergics narcotics antihypertensives ephedrine pseudoephidrine antihistamines
15
Q
dysuria ddx?
A
infection neoplasm calculi inflammatory hormonal: endometriosis, hypoestrogenism trauma (IDC insertion)
