Urinary Tract

Question 1

Name some functions of the kidneys

Answer 1

blood pH control
water balance
salt balance
BP control
metabolism of waste products

Question 2

What does the upper urinary tract consist of?

Answer 2

kidneys and ureter

Question 3

what does the lower urinary tract consist of?

Answer 3

bladder and urethra

Question 4

what type of cells stretch when the bladder is filling/is full?

Answer 4

epithelial cells

Question 5

What structures are in the renal hilum?

Answer 5

right renal artery
right renal vein
right ureter

Question 6

how many branches arise from each renal artery?

Answer 6

5

Question 7

Name the arteries supplying the kidneys?

Answer 7

there are 3 paired branches of the abdominal aorta-

1. adrenal arteries
2. renal arteries
3. gonadal arteries

Question 8

What is the venous drainage of the kidneys?

Answer 8

the left suprarenal vein and left gonadal vein drain into the left renal vein

the renal veins drain into the inferior vena cava

Question 9

What is the journey of urine draining from the kidneys?

Answer 9

nephron collecting duct
minor calyx
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter

Question 10

What is an ofrice?

Answer 10

an opening

Question 11

Where is the prostatic urethra?

Answer 11

between prostate gland and spongy urethra

Question 12

What are the differences between the male and female urinary tract?

Answer 12

1. female is a lot shorter
2. female one is distensible (elastic tissue in its walls)
3. female one opens into the vetsibule

these make females more susceptible to UTI and makes them easier to catheterise

Question 13

Where does the bladder sit?

Answer 13

posterior to the pubic bone

Question 14

When the bladder is filling, in which direction does it expand?

Answer 14

superiorly