cardiovascular system Flashcards
What does the systemic circulation supply?
body and brain
What does the pulmonary circulation supply?
The lungs
What are the 3 layers of the pericardium?
- fibrous pericardium
- serous pericardium
- pericardial cavity
What does the fibrous pericardium do?
helps prevent cardiac overfilling
and helps prevent cardiac injury
What is Haemopericardium?
when the pericardial cavity fills with blood.
What is cardiac tamponade?
When the heart is prevented from contracting due to pressure surrounding it
Name the 3 tissue of the heart
- epicardium
- myocardium-muscular layer
- endocardium- internal lining
What are first branches of the aorta and what are their function?
coronary arteries- supply myocardium with oxygen
Why are valves present in the heart?
to prevent backflow
What system coordinates the heart beat?
conducting system
Where does the electrical impulse originate?
Sino Atrial Node (SAN)
What is the track of the travelling impulse, starting from the SAN?
SAN -AVN- BUNDLE OF HIS-PURKINJE FIBRES
What restricts the spread of cardiac impulse?
the cardiac skeleton (fibrous rings around the valves)
What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on the heart?
increases heart rate
what does parasympathetic stimulation have on the heart
decreases heart rate
