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Principles Anatomy > endocrine glands > Flashcards

endocrine glands Flashcards

1
Q

How do hormones travel around the body?

A

in the blood

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2
Q

describe positive feedback

A

the response to the change is to enhance the change

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3
Q

describe negative feedback

A

the response to the change is to oppose that change

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4
Q

what is the difference between hypersecretion and hyposecretion?

A

hyper=too much

hypo-not enough

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5
Q

where are the pituitary gland and hypothalamus located?

A

in the head

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6
Q

where are the testis located?

A

perineum

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7
Q

where are the ovaries located?

A

pelvis

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8
Q

where are the adrenal glands and pancreas located?

A

abdomen

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9
Q

where are the parathyroid glands and the thyroid gland located?

A

neck

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10
Q

What makes up the diencephalon

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

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11
Q

where in the head is the pituitary gland?

A

it is the midline structure in the pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone

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12
Q

what structure joins the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?

A

infundibulum

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13
Q

What do hypothalamic neurone secrete?

A
  1. hormones which stimulate release of other hormones or

2. inhibitory hormones which prevent release of other hormones

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14
Q

what hormones are released from the anterior pituitary?

A 
GH
prolactin
TSH
LH
FSH
ACTH
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15
Q

what venous system drains blood form the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary?

A

the hypophyseal portal system

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16
Q

What does the thyroid gland use iodine to make?

A

thyroxine and triiodothyronine which regulate metabolism and stimulate growth

17
Q

what do the parathyroid glands secrete?

A

PTH (parathyroid horome) which controls calcium in blood and bone
PTH IS NOT UNDER PITUITARY CONTROL!!!!

18
Q

What are the 2 parts of the pancreas?

A
  1. endocrine (islets of langerhans)-make insulin and more

2. exocrine-makes digestive enzymes and secretes them via a duct system

19
Q

Where do the adrenal glands sit?

A

on top of the kidneys

20
Q

what does the adrenal cortex produce?

A

glucocorticoids
mineralocorticoids
androgens

21
Q

What does the adrenal medulla secrete?

A

adrenaline

noradrenaline

22
Q

which 3 arteries supply each adrenal gland.

A

the superior, middle and inferior suprarenal artery

23
Q

where does the right suprarenal vein drain to?

A

Inferior vena cava

24
Q

where does the left supranrenal vein drain to?

A

the left renal vein

25
Q

what do the testis secrete?

A

testosterone

26
Q

what do the ovaries secrete?

A

oestrogen and progesterone

27
Q

what artery supplies the gonads (ovaries/testis)?

A

gonadal arteries

28
Q

what does progesterone do?

A

prepares uterus for pregancy

29
Q

what does testosterone and oestrogen do?

A

control development of secondary sexual characteristics

Principles Anatomy (10 decks)

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