endocrine glands Flashcards
How do hormones travel around the body?
in the blood
describe positive feedback
the response to the change is to enhance the change
describe negative feedback
the response to the change is to oppose that change
what is the difference between hypersecretion and hyposecretion?
hyper=too much
hypo-not enough
where are the pituitary gland and hypothalamus located?
in the head
where are the testis located?
perineum
where are the ovaries located?
pelvis
where are the adrenal glands and pancreas located?
abdomen
where are the parathyroid glands and the thyroid gland located?
neck
What makes up the diencephalon
thalamus and hypothalamus
where in the head is the pituitary gland?
it is the midline structure in the pituitary fossa of the sphenoid bone
what structure joins the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?
infundibulum
What do hypothalamic neurone secrete?
- hormones which stimulate release of other hormones or
2. inhibitory hormones which prevent release of other hormones
what hormones are released from the anterior pituitary?
GH prolactin TSH LH FSH ACTH
what venous system drains blood form the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary?
the hypophyseal portal system
What does the thyroid gland use iodine to make?
thyroxine and triiodothyronine which regulate metabolism and stimulate growth
what do the parathyroid glands secrete?
PTH (parathyroid horome) which controls calcium in blood and bone
PTH IS NOT UNDER PITUITARY CONTROL!!!!
What are the 2 parts of the pancreas?
- endocrine (islets of langerhans)-make insulin and more
2. exocrine-makes digestive enzymes and secretes them via a duct system
Where do the adrenal glands sit?
on top of the kidneys
what does the adrenal cortex produce?
glucocorticoids
mineralocorticoids
androgens
What does the adrenal medulla secrete?
adrenaline
noradrenaline
which 3 arteries supply each adrenal gland.
the superior, middle and inferior suprarenal artery
where does the right suprarenal vein drain to?
Inferior vena cava
where does the left supranrenal vein drain to?
the left renal vein
