Urinary System Ch.11

Question 1

what does the urinary system consist of?

Answer 1

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Question 2

Functions of the urinary system

Answer 2

• Regulates extracellular fluid
• removal of harmful substances (toxins/nitrogenous waste)
• Regulation of blood volume, chemical composition, pH.
• Secretes hormone erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production.

Question 3

Structure and function of the Kidneys

Answer 3

• bean shaped, located in lumbar region of the back

- two regions…renal cortex (outer) and renal medulla (inner)

Question 4

Hilum (hilus)

Answer 4

medial border. Opening where renal artery enters and renal vein exits the kidney

Question 5

Renal artery

Answer 5

Carries blood with waste products to nephron for filtering

Question 6

Renal vein

Answer 6

After waste products removed, blood leaves kidney thru vein.

Question 7

Nephron

Answer 7

• Filtering unit of the kidney located in both the cortex and medulla
• Forms urine in renal corpuscles and tubules by process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion
• consist of renal corpuscle, glomerulus, bowman capsule

Question 8

Renal corpuscle

Answer 8

• beginning of urine formation

- consists of glomerulus and bowman capsule

Question 9

Bowman’s capsule

Answer 9

• contains glomerulus (filtering device)

- afferent arteriole carries blood to the glomerulus and efferent arteriole carries blood from the glomerulus.

Question 10

Glomerulus

Answer 10

fills the indentation of the capsule
-blood passes through the capillaries (semipermeable) and filtered blood passes out of the glomerulus to continue in systemic circulation.

Question 11

Renal tubule

Answer 11

efferent arteriole passes behind the corpuscle forming peritubular capillaries

Question 12

Peritubular capaillaries

Answer 12

Consists of four sections…proximal convoluted tubule

loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting tubule.

Question 13

3 physiological functions as it produces urine

Answer 13

Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion

Question 14

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 14

Kidney stones.

-caused by urine salts solidifying

Question 15

Ureters

Answer 15

Vessels for carrying urine in peristaltic waves from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Question 16

Bladder

Answer 16

Hollow, muscular sac. Temporary reservoir for urine.

Question 17

Urethra

Answer 17

Tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to outside the body in a process called urination or voiding

Question 18

albumin/o

Answer 18

albumin, protein

Question 19

azot/o

Answer 19

nitrogenous compounds

Question 20

bacteri/o

Answer 20

bacteria (bacterium)

Question 21

cyst/o…vesic/o

Answer 21

bladder

Question 22

glomerul/o

Answer 22

glomerulus

Question 23

kal/i

Answer 23

potassium

Question 24

keton/o

Answer 24

ketone bodies (acids and acetones)

Question 25

lith/o

Answer 25

stone, calculus

Question 26

meat/o

Answer 26

opening, meatus

Question 27

nephr/o…ren/o

Answer 27

kidney

Question 28

noct/o

Answer 28

night

Question 29

olig/o

Answer 29

scanty

Question 30

py/o

Answer 30

pus

Question 31

pyel/o

Answer 31

renal pelvis

Question 32

ur/o

Answer 32

urine, urinary tract

Question 33

ureter/o

Answer 33

ureter

Question 34

urethr/o

Answer 34

urethra

Question 35

-genesis

Answer 35

forming, producing, origin

Question 36

-iasis

Answer 36

abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

Question 37

-uria

Answer 37

urine

Question 38

dia-

Answer 38

through, across

Question 39

retro-

Answer 39

backward, behind