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Medical Terminology > Digestive System Ch.6 > Flashcards

Digestive System Ch.6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

First step in digestion?

A

Mouth. mechanical…chewing and chemically…saliva

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2
Q

What is the sequence of digestion?

A

Mouth, Pharynx (throat), Esophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large intestine, Anus

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3
Q

What makes up the upper GI system?

A

Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, and stomach

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4
Q

What makes up the small intestine

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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5
Q

What makes up the large intestine

A

Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

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6
Q

How does the tongue aide in digestion

A

It moves helps manipulate food in the mouth.

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7
Q

Hard and Soft palate

A

form the (anterior and posterior) roof of the mouth, keeps food from entering the nasopharynx.

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8
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat. Serves as a passageway to the respiratory and GI tracts, and provides a resonating chamber for speech sounds.

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9
Q

Trachea

A

tube that leads to the lungs

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10
Q

esophagus

A

tube that leads food and liquid to the stomach

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11
Q

epiglottis

A

flap of cartilage that directs air into the trachea and food and liquid into the esophagus.

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12
Q

Stomach

A

LUQ. Serves as a food reservoir that contains mechanical and chemical digestion.

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13
Q

What sphincter separates the esophagus and the stomach

A

lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter

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14
Q

What sphincter allows food to leave the stomach to enter the small intestine

A

pyloric sphincter

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15
Q

Peristalsis

A

rhythmic muscle contractions that propel food through the GI tract.

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16
Q

During digestion most absorption happens where?

A

Small intestine…through villi

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17
Q

Small intestine receives help from what other organs?

A

pancreas and liver

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18
Q

What function does the liver serve during digestion

A

Largest glandular organ in the body.

-produces bile, removes glucose from blood, stores fat soluble vitamins, destroys old erythrocytes and toxic products.

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19
Q

What function does the pancreas serve during digestion

A

performs endocrine and exocrine functions.

  • as an Endocrine it secretes insulin
  • as an Exocrine it produces digestive enzymes that pass into the duodenum.
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20
Q

What function does the gallbladder serve during digestion

A

serves as a storage area for bile, which is produced by the liver.

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21
Q

or/o

stomat/o

A

mouth

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22
Q

gloss/o

lingu/o

A

tongue

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23
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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24
Q

cheil/o

labi/o

A

lip

25
Q

dent/o

odont/o

A

teeth

26
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum(s)

27
Q

sial/o

A

saliva, salivary gland

28
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

29
Q

pharyng/o

A

oharynx (throat)

30
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

31
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus

32
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum (first part of small intestine)

33
Q

enter/o

A

intestine (usually small intestine)

34
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum (second part of small intestine)

35
Q

ile/o

A

ileum (third part of small intestine)

36
Q

append/o

apendic/o

A

appendix

37
Q

col/o

colon/o

A

colon

38
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

39
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

40
Q

proct/o

A

anus, rectum

41
Q

an/o

A

anus

42
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

43
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

44
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile vessel

45
Q

chol/e

A

bile, gall

46
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

47
Q

choledoch/o

A

bile duct

48
Q

-emesis

A

vomit

49
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition (produced by something specified)

50
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

51
Q

-orexia

A

appetite

52
Q

-pepsia

A

digestion

53
Q

-phagia

A

swallowing, eating

54
Q

-prandial

A

meal

55
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge, flow

56
Q

dia-

A

through, across

57
Q

peri-

A

around

58
Q

sub-

A

under, below

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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