Urinary System

Question 1

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Production of urine

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Regulation of blood volume and pressure

Answer 2

Yes

Question 3

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Regulation of fluid balance and PH?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Is this a main function of the urinary system?Making erythropoietin?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Maintaining bone integrity

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - to regulate calcium in the body?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

What is the purpose of the renal artery?

Answer 7

Supply blood to the kidneys

Question 8

What is made of dense connective tissue and anchors the kidney to surrounding structures?

Answer 8

Renal fascia

Question 9

What protects the kidney from trauma?

Answer 9

Perirenal fat capsule

Question 10

What protects the kidneys from infection?

Answer 10

Fibrous capsule

Question 11

What region of kidney tissue contains nephrons?

Answer 11

Renal cortex

Question 12

What region of kidney tissue contains 7 to 12 renal pyramids that empty into calyces?

Answer 12

Renal medulla

Question 13

What channel urine from the renal medulla to the renal pelvis?

Answer 13

Calyces

Question 14

What is the inner region of the kidney that drains into the ureters?

Answer 14

Renal pelvis

Question 15

What is the structural and functional unit of the kidneys?

Answer 15

Nephron

Question 16

What filters blood and forms urine?

Answer 16

Nephrons

Question 17

What consists of the glomerular (bowman’s) capsule which surrounds the glomerulus?

Answer 17

Renal corpuscle

Question 18

What is the network of fenestrated and porous capillaries that receives blood from the afferent ateriole?

Answer 18

Glomerulus

Question 19

Solutes but not _____ can pass from the blood into the capsule?

Answer 19

Proteins

Question 20

What arteriole returns blood to circulation?

Answer 20

Efferent

Question 21

The renal tubule is made up of what 3 main parts?

Answer 21

Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop and distal convoluted tubule

Question 22

The following are the main functions of what? 1. Reabsorb useful organic nutrients that enter the filtrate 2. Reabsorb water in the filtrate to maintain blood volume and pressure 3. Secrete waste products that fail to enter the filtrate at the renal corpuscle.

Answer 22

Renal tubule

Question 23

What apparatus detects changes in glomerular blood pressure?

Answer 23

Juxtaglomerular

Question 24

Macula densa cells contain chemoreceptors and can sense what in the filtrate as it passes through the DCT?

Answer 24

Sodium chloride

Question 25

Granular juxtaglomerular cells contain mechanoreceptors which sense what in the afferent and efferent arterioles?

Answer 25

Blood pressure

Question 26

Extraglomerular mesangial cells send signals between the macula densa cells and the JG cells. True or False

Answer 26

True

Question 27

When do the kidneys conserve water in order to increase blood volume and pressure?

Answer 27

When there is decreased blood volume and pressure

Question 28

If there is increased blood volume and pressure, what occurs in the kidneys?

Answer 28

Elimination of more urine

Question 29

Where is renin released from?

Answer 29

The kidneys

Question 30

Where is angiostensin 1 converted to angiostensin 2?

Answer 30

The lungs

Question 31

Where is aldosterone secreted from?

Answer 31

Adrenal cortex

Question 32

Blood volume increases, ADH is stimulated and including stimulating of thirst occurs when?

Answer 32

Occurs once aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal cortex

Question 33

What causes vasoconstriction directly increasing blood pressure and stimulating salt and water retention in the kidneys?

Answer 33

Aldosterone

Question 34

pH Balance requires a balance between what 2 ions?

Answer 34

Hydrogen and bicarbonate

Question 35

If Blood pH drops (becomes acidic) what ions are secreted into the filtrate and which ions are retained?

Answer 35

Secrete hydrogen and retain bicarbonate

Question 36

If Blood pH increases (alkaline) what ions are secreted into the filtrate and which ions are retained?

Answer 36

Secrete bicarbonate and retain hydrogen

Question 37

Occurs in the renal corpuscle. Blood is filtered through the fenestrated glomerulus? What step of urine formation is this?

Answer 37

Step 1 - Glomerular filtation

Question 38

What step of urine formation is it when there is selective movement of substances like glucose, amino acids, water and salt from the filtrate back into the blood?

Answer 38

Step 2 - Tubular reabsorption

Question 39

What step of urine formation is it when there is selective movement of substances from the blood into the filtrate?

Answer 39

Step 3 - Tubular secretion