Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Organisation of the human body > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Production of urine

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Regulation of blood volume and pressure

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Regulation of fluid balance and PH?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is this a main function of the urinary system?Making erythropoietin?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - Maintaining bone integrity

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Is this a main function of the urinary system? - to regulate calcium in the body?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the purpose of the renal artery?

A

Supply blood to the kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is made of dense connective tissue and anchors the kidney to surrounding structures?

A

Renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What protects the kidney from trauma?

A

Perirenal fat capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What protects the kidneys from infection?

A

Fibrous capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What region of kidney tissue contains nephrons?

A

Renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What region of kidney tissue contains 7 to 12 renal pyramids that empty into calyces?

A

Renal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What channel urine from the renal medulla to the renal pelvis?

A

Calyces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the inner region of the kidney that drains into the ureters?

A

Renal pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the structural and functional unit of the kidneys?

A

Nephron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What filters blood and forms urine?

A

Nephrons

17
Q

What consists of the glomerular (bowman’s) capsule which surrounds the glomerulus?

A

Renal corpuscle

18
Q

What is the network of fenestrated and porous capillaries that receives blood from the afferent ateriole?

A

Glomerulus

19
Q

Solutes but not _____ can pass from the blood into the capsule?

A

Proteins

20
Q

What arteriole returns blood to circulation?

A

Efferent

21
Q

The renal tubule is made up of what 3 main parts?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop and distal convoluted tubule

22
Q

The following are the main functions of what? 1. Reabsorb useful organic nutrients that enter the filtrate 2. Reabsorb water in the filtrate to maintain blood volume and pressure 3. Secrete waste products that fail to enter the filtrate at the renal corpuscle.

A

Renal tubule

23
Q

What apparatus detects changes in glomerular blood pressure?

A

Juxtaglomerular

24
Q

Macula densa cells contain chemoreceptors and can sense what in the filtrate as it passes through the DCT?

A

Sodium chloride

25
Q

Granular juxtaglomerular cells contain mechanoreceptors which sense what in the afferent and efferent arterioles?

A

Blood pressure

26
Q

Extraglomerular mesangial cells send signals between the macula densa cells and the JG cells. True or False

A

True

27
Q

When do the kidneys conserve water in order to increase blood volume and pressure?

A

When there is decreased blood volume and pressure

28
Q

If there is increased blood volume and pressure, what occurs in the kidneys?

A

Elimination of more urine

29
Q

Where is renin released from?

A

The kidneys

30
Q

Where is angiostensin 1 converted to angiostensin 2?

A

The lungs

31
Q

Where is aldosterone secreted from?

A

Adrenal cortex

32
Q

Blood volume increases, ADH is stimulated and including stimulating of thirst occurs when?

A

Occurs once aldosterone is secreted from the adrenal cortex

33
Q

What causes vasoconstriction directly increasing blood pressure and stimulating salt and water retention in the kidneys?

A

Aldosterone

34
Q

pH Balance requires a balance between what 2 ions?

A

Hydrogen and bicarbonate

35
Q

If Blood pH drops (becomes acidic) what ions are secreted into the filtrate and which ions are retained?

A

Secrete hydrogen and retain bicarbonate

36
Q

If Blood pH increases (alkaline) what ions are secreted into the filtrate and which ions are retained?

A

Secrete bicarbonate and retain hydrogen

37
Q

Occurs in the renal corpuscle. Blood is filtered through the fenestrated glomerulus? What step of urine formation is this?

A

Step 1 - Glomerular filtation

38
Q

What step of urine formation is it when there is selective movement of substances like glucose, amino acids, water and salt from the filtrate back into the blood?

A

Step 2 - Tubular reabsorption

39
Q

What step of urine formation is it when there is selective movement of substances from the blood into the filtrate?

A

Step 3 - Tubular secretion

Organisation of the human body (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions