Genetics

Question 1

One of the different forms of a single gene. Humans have 2 of these for each gene, one from each parent?

Answer 1

Alleles

Question 2

2 strands of nucleotide molecules arranged in a helix structure?

Answer 2

DNA

Question 3

Out of the 4 nucleotides; adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine, what is adenine paired with?

Answer 3

Thymine

Question 4

Out of the 4 nucleotides; adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine, what is guanine paired with?

Answer 4

Cytosine

Question 5

What is the definition for: All genetic information common to a particular species and consists of 3 nucleotides, representing 20,000 -25,000 genes arranged into chromosomes.

Answer 5

Genome

Question 6

What are molecules of DNA wrapped in protein?

Answer 6

Chromosomes

Question 7

How many copies of each chromosomes do we have?

Answer 7

2 - one from each parent

Question 8

When DNA is wrapped in protein and condensed in the form of chromosomes is called what?

Answer 8

Chromatin

Question 9

How many pairs of chromosomes are there?

Answer 9

23

Question 10

Chromosome pairs 1 - 22 are code for standard traits (somatic characteristics) are called what?

Answer 10

Autosomes

Question 11

What chromosomes cause gender variations?

Answer 11

Sex chromosomes

Question 12

Which parents determine the gender and why?

Answer 12

Males - can pass on either an X or Y chromosomes

Question 13

What is the term for DNA converting to RNA?

Answer 13

Transcription

Question 14

What is the term for RNA conversion to protein?

Answer 14

Translation

Question 15

What is the term for variations in the sequence of DNA/.

Answer 15

Mutation

Question 16

What is the term for 2 of the same alleles of a single gene?

Answer 16

Homozygous

Question 17

What is the term for 2 different alleles of a single gene?

Answer 17

Heterozygous

Question 18

What is the term of an allele that masks expression of a recessive gene and is represented by an uppercase letter?

Answer 18

Dominant

Question 19

What is the term of an allele that is masked by a dominant gene?

Answer 19

Recessive

Question 20

What is the term of the combination of alleles we have? (e.g. FF, Ff, ff)

Answer 20

Genotype

Question 21

What is the term of the expression of the genotype?

Answer 21

Phenotype

Question 22

What is the term of the appearance and number of an individual’s chromosomes?

Answer 22

Karyotype

Question 23

What is the term for only one copy of an allele is necessary for an individual to express the phenotype?

Answer 23

Autosomal dominant inheritence

Question 24

What is more common in males as they carry only one copy of genes found on the X chromosome?

Answer 24

X-linked inheritance

Question 25

Inheritance of blood type is a common example of what type of inheritance?

Answer 25

Co-dominant