Urinary System Flashcards
components of urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, sphincter
which kidney hangs lower? why?
right, bc it has to make room for the liver
functions of urinary system
regulate blood pressure, water homeostasis, waste excretion, blood electrolyte balance, pH homeostasis, RBC production
how do kidneys regulate water homeostasis and blood pressure?
RAAS
describe RAAS process
angiotensinogen (liver) + renin (kidneys) –> angiotensin 1 + ACE (lungs) –> angiotensin 2 + adrenals = aldosterone
function of aldosterone
conserve Na (retain water), secrete K, regulate blood pressure
location of kidneys
bottom of ribcage, in retroperitoneal space of peritoneal cavity
when looking at a radiograph, how can you tell which side of the patient you are examining?
look for lower kidney, liver, longer lung, heart
how does the urinary system influence RBC production?
kidneys produce erythropoietin
flow of urine
renal pyramid - minor calyx - major calyx - renal pelvis - ureter
what kind of tissue makes up the renal capsule?
dense irregular connective tissue
what makes up the renal corpuscle?
bowman’s capsule + glomerulus
compare juxtamedullary nephrons to cortical nephrons
juxtamedullary - longer loop of Henlie, renal corpuscle closer to medulla
cortical - shorter loop of henlie, renal corpuscle further from medulla
which nephrons are more prevalent in human body?
cortical
how much of cardiac output do kidneys receive
20%
