Ch. 20 - Heart Anatomy Flashcards
what separates the thoracic cavity from ventral cavity
diaphragm
purpose of mediastinum
divide thoracic cavity into 2 pleural cavities (lungs)
location of heart
between 2nd rib and 5th intercostal space
what reduces friction between organs? where does it come from?
serous fluid. mesothelium of the serious membrane
layers of pericardium from outside-in
parietal, visceral (epicardium)
layers of tissues around heart
fibrous pericardium (pericardial sac), parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, serous pericardium
what type of tissue is pericardial sac (fibrous pericardium)
dense connective irregular
-bc it has to be strong in all directions
name for cardiac muscle tissue
myocardium
what makes up the endocardium
areolar tissue + endothelium
what makes up epicardium
areolar tissue + mesothelium
name for area of dead cardiac muscle cells
infarct
what makes up plaque
cholesterol, fat, Ca+
T/F: blood vessels are elastic
true, bc they have to be able to compensate for pressure changes
what vessels supply the right atrium with deoxygenated blood
coronary sinus, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava
what is distension?
expansion due to pressure from within
type of tissue that makes up walls of heart
connective tissue
what structure connects pulmonary trunk to aortic arch?
ligamentum arteriosum
where do you find pectinate muscles?
in both atria
where do you find papillary muscles, chordae tendinae, and trabeculae carneae?
only in ventricles
what structure arrises from the foramen ovale?
fossa ovalis
what is the fossa ovalis?
window between the two atria
what structures prevent valves from prolapsing?
papillary muscles + chordae tendineae
-chords hold onto muscles and valves
what vessels are involved in the pulmonary circuit?
pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, capillary beds in lungs
what vessels are involved in systemic circuit?
aorta + branches, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus, capillary beds in all body tissues
flow through heart, begin w R. Atrium
R. atrium, (tricuspid/right AV valve), R. ventricle, (pulmonary/semilunar valve), pulmonary arteries, lungs, pulmonary veins, L. atrium, (mitral/bicuspid valve), L. ventricle, (aortic/semilunar valve), body, systemic veins, inferior or superior vena cava, R. atrium.
T/F: Semilunar valves have papillary muscles and chordeneae tendinae
F. only AV valves have them
what happens if a valve prolapses?
blood flows back the wrong way
