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Anatomy > Ch.9 - Articulations > Flashcards

Ch.9 - Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

Structural classification of joints

How they’re held together

A

Bony fusion
Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints

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2
Q

Functional classifications of joints

Degree of movement

A

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

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3
Q

What does synarthrosis mean?

A

Immovable joint

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4
Q

What does amphiarthrosis mean?

A

Slightly moveable joint

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5
Q

Diarthrosis definition

A

Freely moveable joint (only as free as permitted)

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6
Q

Type of bony fusion:

A

Synostosis

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7
Q

What degree of movement do bony fusions have?

A

Synarthrosis (immoveable)

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8
Q

What degree of movement do fibrous joints have?

A

Synarthrosis (immovable)

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9
Q

Types of fibrous joints

A

Suture
Gomphosis
Syndesmosis

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10
Q

Types of cartilaginous joints

A

Synchondrosis

Symphysis

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11
Q

Types of synovial joints

A

Monaxial
Biaxial
Triaxial

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12
Q

Describe a gomphosis fibrous joint

A

(dentoalveolar)
Synarthrosis joint
What roots teeth into gums

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13
Q

Example of Synostosis

A

Infant 2 frontal bones fuse into one bone

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14
Q

Describe Syndesmosis fibrous joint

A

Amphiarthrosis joint

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15
Q

What is the alveolar process?

A

Socks formed for teeth by the maxilla or mandible

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16
Q

Different names for joints

A

Articulations and arthrosis

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17
Q

What’s the movement of synchondrosis joints

A

Synarthrosis

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18
Q

What connects synchondrosis joints to bone?

A

Hyaline cartilage

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19
Q

Define Synostosis in synchondrosis joint

A

When epiphyseal plate becomes epiphyseal line

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20
Q

Describe a symphysis joint

A

In pelvis and between vertebrae, occur in midline of body

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21
Q

Movement of symphysis joints

A

Amphiarthrosis

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22
Q

What connects symphysis joints with bone

A

Pads of fibro cartilage

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23
Q

What is the articular capsule of a synovial joint

A

Fibrous capsule + synovial membrane, looks the same as periosteum

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24
Q

Where is the synovial fluid

A

Inside joint/synovial cavity

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25
Q

Contents of synovial fluid

A

Macrophages, possible red blood cells

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26
Q

What’s a bursae

A

Sacs full of synovial fluid, cushion soft parts of body (tendons) from hard parts (bone)

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27
Q

What connects muscle to bone

A

Tendon

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28
Q

What connects bone to bone

A

Ligament

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29
Q

What are tendon sheaths

A

Tube-like bursae that wrap tendons

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30
Q

What makes up a suture

A

Collagen fibers (dense fibrous connective tissue) w irregular interlocking edges

31
Q

T/F: fibrous joints are found in the upper and lower extremities

A

F. Only in the bones of skull

32
Q

What is a dentoalveolar joint?

A

Same as gomphosis fibrous joint

33
Q

T/F: Syndesmosis joints can be found between skull bones

A

F. Found btw tibia/fibula + radius/ulna

34
Q

T/F: it’s impossible for long bones to have more than one epiphyses

A

F

35
Q

T/f: your bones stop growing at a certain age

A

F. There’s appositional growth all throughout your life

36
Q

What connects synchondrosis cartilaginous joints to bone?

A

Hyaline cartilage

37
Q

What is Synostosis joint

A

In long bones When epiphyseal plate becomes epiphyseal line (bony fusion)

38
Q

Where are symphysis joints found

A

Along midline of body

39
Q

What connects symphysis cartilaginous joints to bone

A

Pads of fibrocartilage

40
Q

Example of location of symphysis cartilaginous joints

A

In pelvic girdle, btw vertebrae

41
Q

What’s the mental symphysis

A

fibrocartilage Union of 2 halves of infant mandible, ossified during 1st year

42
Q

Where to find bursae

A

Btw skin/bone, tendons/bone, muscle/bone, ligaments/bone

Btw tendon of shoulder and clavicle

43
Q

Describe carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Inflammation of tendon sheaths

44
Q

Where to find tendon sheaths

A

Small, complicated areas: wrist, toes, fingers, shoulder

45
Q

T/f: flextime is an increase in angle between articulating bones

A

F. It decreases angle

Arm during flexing biceps

46
Q

T/f: extension is an increase in angle btw articulating bones

A

T

Anatomical position

47
Q

T/f: hyperextention is pathological

A

F
It’s just continuous extension beyond anatomical position
Ex) tilting head up at sky

48
Q

T/f: abduction is movement of bone away from midline

A

T

49
Q

T/f: addiction is movement of bone away from midline

A

F
Addiction moves bone towards midline
(Add.. To body thickness)

50
Q

Describe circumduction of synovial joints

A

Moving distal end of body part in circle

Ex) arm abducted and moving in circle

51
Q

T/f: rotation of synovial joint is revolving bone around its horizontal axis

A

F
Rotation moves around longitudinal axis
Ex) shake head no

52
Q

What does depression of a synovial joint look like?

A

Mouth open

53
Q

What does elevation of synovial joint look like

A

Close mouth

54
Q

What’s protraction of synovial joint look like

A

Underbite w teeth

55
Q

What’s medial rotation look like

A

Hold stomach, elbow out

56
Q

What’s lateral rotation look like

A

Hold hand out, elbow in

57
Q

Where are IV discs found

A

Btw vertebrae

58
Q

What makes up IV discs

A

Fibrous cartilage

59
Q

What’s an osteophyte

A

Spur on vertebrae that sticks into bone

60
Q

What makes up TMJ?

A

Mandibular fossa of zygomatic process of temporal bone and condylar process

61
Q

Define border movements

A

Farthest extents of movements allowed by joint, defined by ligaments

62
Q

What ligaments allow movement of mandible?

A

Sphenomandibular
+
Stylomandibular

63
Q

Where does sphenomandibular ligament attach

A

Spine of sphenoid bone and mandible

64
Q

Where does Stylomandibular ligament attach

A

Styloid process of temporal bone
+
Mandible

65
Q

Where is the synovial cavity of TMJ

A

Btw external auditory meatus and mandible

66
Q

What makes up synovial cavity of TMJ

A 
Superior compartment 
\+
Articular disc
\+
Inferior compartment
67
Q

What lines the superior and inferior compartments of synovial cavity

A

Synovial membrane

68
Q

What makes up articular disc

A

Fibrocartilage

69
Q

T/F: superior compartment of synovial cavity allows for pure rotation of condylar head

A

F

Inferior compartment allows it

70
Q

T/F: articular disc moves backwards when you open your mouth

A

F

It moves forward in the mandibular fossa

71
Q

Describe TMJ dysfunction

A

Articular disc slips out from btw condylar process of mandible
+
zygomatic process of temporal bone

72
Q

Where is articular disc in jaw open lock

A

In front of where it’s supposed to be, blocks condylar process behind it

73
Q

Where is the articular disc in jaw closed lock

A

Behind where it’s supposed to be

Anatomy (15 decks)

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