Urinary System🩺 Flashcards
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
To remove waste products and excess fluid from the body.
True or False: The kidneys are responsible for filtering blood.
True
What are the two main components of the urinary system?
The kidneys and the urinary tract.
Fill in the blank: The functional unit of the kidney is called a _____ .
nephron
What is the role of the ureters?
To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the urinary system? A) Kidneys B) Ureters C) Liver D) Bladder
C) Liver
What is the name of the process by which urine is expelled from the bladder?
Micturition
True or False: The bladder can hold approximately 300-500 mL of urine.
True
What hormone regulates water balance in the body and affects urine concentration?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
urethra
What is the primary waste product excreted by the kidneys?
Urea
Multiple Choice: Which structure in the kidney is responsible for filtration? A) Glomerulus B) Loop of Henle C) Collecting duct D) Renal pelvis
A) Glomerulus
What are the two types of nephrons?
Cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons.
True or False: The renal artery carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys.
True
What is the role of the renal pelvis?
To collect urine from the kidneys before it moves to the ureters.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer layer of the kidney.
renal cortex
What condition is characterized by the presence of kidney stones?
Urolithiasis
Multiple Choice: What is the normal urine pH range? A) 4.5-8.0 B) 7.0-9.0 C) 3.0-5.0 D) 6.0-8.5
A) 4.5-8.0
What is the term for the involuntary loss of urine?
Incontinence
True or False: The kidneys also help regulate blood pressure.
True
What is the main function of the loop of Henle?
To concentrate urine and conserve water.
Fill in the blank: The _____ sphincter controls the release of urine from the bladder.
external urethral
What is the condition called when the kidneys are unable to filter waste effectively?
Kidney failure
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? A) Frequent urination B) Fever C) Painful urination D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the role of aldosterone in the urinary system?
To regulate sodium and potassium balance and influence blood pressure.
True or False: Urine is sterile when it is produced in the kidneys.
True
What is the process by which substances are reabsorbed from the renal tubules back into the blood?
Tubular reabsorption
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the innermost layer of the kidney.
renal medulla