Respiratory System🫁 Flashcards
What is the normal range of oxygen of the blood?
94-98%
What is the normal respiratory rate for people over the age of 12?
12-20bpm
What is trachyphoea?
High respiratory rate
What is Bradyphoea?
Low respiratory rate
What is haemothorax?
Collection of blood in the pleural cavity
How many components does the thoracic cavity have?
4
How many lobes does the left lung have?
2
How many lobes does the right lung have?
3
What is the membrane that covers the lungs?
Visceral pleura
What lines the inner surface of the thoracic cage?
Parietal pleura
Why are the lungs important?
They are essential for gas exchange
What do the alveoli do?
Diffuse oxygen into the bloodstream and remove carbon dioxide
What is the role of the nose in the respiratory system?
Filters, warms and humidifies the air we breathe - it also prevents dust, allergens and pathogens from entering the lungs
What is the function of the pharynx?
It serves as a passageway for air to enter the larynx and the trachea
What is the function of the larynx ?
It acts as a passageway for air to go into the trachea and also protects the airway during swallowing
What is the trachea composed of?
C-shaped cartilage rings which ensure the airway remains open.
It is also lined with ciliated mucosa
What is the function of the trachea?
It is the main airway that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It also filters and humidifies the air we breathe
What is the function of the bronchi and bronchioles ?
They direct air to the alveoli, as well as helping trap and expel foreign particles and pathogens
What is the pleura?
A vital membrane that envelopes the lungs and lines the chest cavity
What is airway defence?
The body employs various mechanisms to protect the airways from harmful substances and pathogens.
Why is airway defence important ?
Maintains respiratory health
What are cilia?
Tiny hair like structures lining the respiratory tract, they trap and expel debris.
What is the function of mucus?
Capture particles and microorganisms, and facilitates their removal
What do red blood cells do?
Transport oxygen from the lungs to various tissues throughout the body. They also pick up carbon dioxide and carry it back to the lungs for expulsion
What do red blood cells contain?
Haemoglobin
What is haemoglobin?
A protein responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body
What is sickle cell disease ?
A genetic blood disorder leading to distorted red blood cells
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.
True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in the process of breathing.
True
Fill in the blank: The _____ are the main organs of the respiratory system.
lungs
Which structure is responsible for carrying air to the lungs?
Trachea
What is the term for the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system? A) Bronchi B) Alveoli C) Esophagus D) Diaphragm
C) Esophagus
What process involves the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide?
Respiration
True or False: The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, pharynx, and larynx.
True
What is the name of the flap that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Epiglottis
Short Answer: What gas do we primarily inhale during respiration?
Oxygen
