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Biology & Pharmacology > Respiratory System🫁 > Flashcards

Respiratory System🫁 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the normal range of oxygen of the blood?

A

94-98%

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2
Q

What is the normal respiratory rate for people over the age of 12?

A

12-20bpm

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3
Q

What is trachyphoea?

A

High respiratory rate

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4
Q

What is Bradyphoea?

A

Low respiratory rate

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5
Q

What is haemothorax?

A

Collection of blood in the pleural cavity

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6
Q

How many components does the thoracic cavity have?

A

4

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7
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

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8
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

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9
Q

What is the membrane that covers the lungs?

A

Visceral pleura

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10
Q

What lines the inner surface of the thoracic cage?

A

Parietal pleura

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11
Q

Why are the lungs important?

A

They are essential for gas exchange

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12
Q

What do the alveoli do?

A

Diffuse oxygen into the bloodstream and remove carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What is the role of the nose in the respiratory system?

A

Filters, warms and humidifies the air we breathe - it also prevents dust, allergens and pathogens from entering the lungs

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14
Q

What is the function of the pharynx?

A

It serves as a passageway for air to enter the larynx and the trachea

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15
Q

What is the function of the larynx ?

A

It acts as a passageway for air to go into the trachea and also protects the airway during swallowing

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16
Q

What is the trachea composed of?

A

C-shaped cartilage rings which ensure the airway remains open.
It is also lined with ciliated mucosa

17
Q

What is the function of the trachea?

A

It is the main airway that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It also filters and humidifies the air we breathe

18
Q

What is the function of the bronchi and bronchioles ?

A

They direct air to the alveoli, as well as helping trap and expel foreign particles and pathogens

19
Q

What is the pleura?

A

A vital membrane that envelopes the lungs and lines the chest cavity

20
Q

What is airway defence?

A

The body employs various mechanisms to protect the airways from harmful substances and pathogens.

21
Q

Why is airway defence important ?

A

Maintains respiratory health

22
Q

What are cilia?

A

Tiny hair like structures lining the respiratory tract, they trap and expel debris.

23
Q

What is the function of mucus?

A

Capture particles and microorganisms, and facilitates their removal

24
Q

What do red blood cells do?

A

Transport oxygen from the lungs to various tissues throughout the body. They also pick up carbon dioxide and carry it back to the lungs for expulsion

25
Q

What do red blood cells contain?

A

Haemoglobin

26
Q

What is haemoglobin?

A

A protein responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body

27
Q

What is sickle cell disease ?

A

A genetic blood disorder leading to distorted red blood cells

28
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.

29
Q

True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in the process of breathing.

A

True

30
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ are the main organs of the respiratory system.

A

lungs

31
Q

Which structure is responsible for carrying air to the lungs?

A

Trachea

32
Q

What is the term for the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?

A

Alveoli

33
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system? A) Bronchi B) Alveoli C) Esophagus D) Diaphragm

A

C) Esophagus

34
Q

What process involves the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide?

A

Respiration

35
Q

True or False: The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, pharynx, and larynx.

A

True

36
Q

What is the name of the flap that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

A

Epiglottis

37
Q

Short Answer: What gas do we primarily inhale during respiration?

A

Oxygen

Biology & Pharmacology (17 decks)

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