Nervous System🧠

Question 1

What is included in the central nervous system?

Answer 1

The brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What is the basic function of neurons?

Answer 2

Receives information and generates a response

Question 3

Where are dendrites found?

Answer 3

In the grey matter of the brain

Question 4

Where are axons found?

Answer 4

In the white matter of the brain.

Question 5

What is the digestive tract responsible for?

Answer 5

Autonomous functions

Question 6

How many sections are in the brain?

Answer 6

4

Question 7

What is the cerebrum?

Answer 7

The largest part of the brain - which splits into two hemispheres connected by the corpus callous - responsible for the higher functions like consciousness and cognition

Question 8

What does the brain stem do?

Answer 8

Connects the brain to the spinal cord and regulates crucial functions like cardiovascular and respiratory systems

Question 9

What are the two sections of the spinal cord?

Answer 9

White and grey

Question 10

What does the grey matter of the spinal cord contain?

Answer 10

Posterior horn, anterior horn and lateral horn

Question 11

What does the white matter of the spinal cord do?

Answer 11

Carries ascending sensory and descending motor information between the body and the brain

Question 12

What does the CNS process?

Answer 12

All sensory information except for smell

Question 13

Where do the sensory signals pass through?

Answer 13

The thalamus before reaching the cerebral cortex

Question 14

What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 14

Coordinates movement by comparing cerebral commands with sensory feedback from the periphery

Question 15

What does the hypothalamus do in the CNS?

Answer 15

Regulates homeostasis and controls the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system

Question 16

What are the two main vessels that supply blood to the brain?

Answer 16

Internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries

Question 17

What is the circle of Willis?

Answer 17

A crucial network of arteries at the base of the brain

Question 18

What does the circle of Willis do?

Answer 18

Provides redundant blood flow

Question 19

What is the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 19

The body’s communication network, connecting the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body’s tissues and organs

Question 20

What does the PNS consist of?

Answer 20

All neural structures outside of the CNS

Question 21

What are nerves?

Answer 21

Bundles of axons wrapped in connective tissue layers that carry signals between the CNS and PNS

Question 22

How many spinal nerves are there and what do they contain?

Answer 22

31 pairs - they contain sensory and motor fibres

Question 23

What are the cranial nerves functions?

Answer 23

Control the neck and head

Question 24

What are ganglia?

Answer 24

Clusters of neurone cell bodies located outside the CNS

Question 25

What other nervous systems are included in the PNS?

Answer 25

Somatic and autonomic

Question 26

What is the somatic nervous system?

Answer 26

The nervous system which is responsible for the movements and transmissions of sensory information to the CNS

Question 27

What does the somatic nervous system consist of?

Answer 27

Motor neurones

Question 28

What does the autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 28

Regulates involuntary body functions such as heart rate, digestion and respiratory rate

Question 29

What does the sympathetic system do?

Answer 29

Prepares the body for stressful situations

Question 30

What does the parasympathetic system do?

Answer 30

Promotes relaxation and recovery

Question 31

What does the endocrine system do?

Answer 31

Regulates various bodily functions through the release of hormones

Question 32

What are the key glands of the endocrine system?

Answer 32

Pituitary, thyroid and adrenal

Question 33

Why are neurological exams important?

Answer 33

They assess the function of the nervous system and can help detect neurological disorders such as a stroke or Parkinson’s disease

Question 34

What are the three major divisions of the brain?

Answer 34

Cerebral hemisphere, cerebellum and the brain stem

Question 35

What is the meninges?

Answer 35

Three layers of tissue that protects and supports the brain and spinal cord

Question 36

What are the 3 layers of meninges?

Answer 36

Dura matter Arachnoid matter Pia matter

Question 37

What else does the meninges do?

Answer 37

Provide a support system for blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and cerebrospinal fluid

Question 38

What is the cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 38

Fluid which protects the brain and spinal cord - it also facilitates the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the brain and the bloodstream

Question 39

What is the function of the diencephalon?

Answer 39

Relays sensory information and regulates autonomic functions

Question 40

What regulates sleep and motor control?

Answer 40

The epithalamus and the sub-thalamus

Question 41

How many bones is the skull made up of?

Answer 41

22

Question 42

What do Gillia cells do?

Answer 42

Maintain homeostasis, form myelin and facilitate communication between nerve cells

Question 43

What are synapses?

Answer 43

Crucial connections between neurones

Question 44

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 44

Chemical messengers that bridge the gap between nerve cells

Question 45

What are neurones?

Answer 45

The functioning units of the nervous system

Question 46

What are the three types of neurone?

Answer 46

Sensory, motor and intermediary

Question 47

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

Answer 47

To transmit signals between different parts of the body and coordinate bodily functions.

Question 48

True or False: The nervous system is divided into two main parts.

Answer 48

True.

Question 49

What are the two main parts of the nervous system?

Answer 49

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system controls voluntary movements.

Answer 50

somatic

Question 51

What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?

Answer 51

Involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate and digestion.

Question 52

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT part of the central nervous system? a) Brain b) Spinal cord c) Nerves

Answer 52

c) Nerves

Question 53

What is a neuron?

Answer 53

A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses.

Question 54

True or False: Sensory neurons carry information from the brain to the body.

Answer 54

False.

Question 55

What is the role of the synapse?

Answer 55

It is the junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released.

Question 56

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the control center of the nervous system.

Answer 56

brain

Question 57

Multiple Choice: Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination? a) Cerebrum b) Cerebellum c) Brainstem

Answer 57

b) Cerebellum

Question 58

What is the function of the spinal cord?

Answer 58

To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body.

Question 59

True or False: The peripheral nervous system includes cranial and spinal nerves.

Answer 59

True.

Question 60

What is a reflex action?

Answer 60

An involuntary and rapid response to a stimulus.

Question 61

Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses.

Answer 61

sympathetic

Question 62

Multiple Choice: Which type of neuron carries signals from sensory receptors to the CNS? a) Motor neurons b) Interneurons c) Sensory neurons

Answer 62

c) Sensory neurons

Question 63

What is myelin?

Answer 63

A fatty substance that insulates nerve fibers and speeds up signal transmission.

Question 64

True or False: Neurotransmitters are responsible for transmitting signals across synapses.

Answer 64

True.

Question 65

What is the main function of the limbic system?

Answer 65

To regulate emotions and memory.

Question 66

Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system calms the body after a stress response.

Answer 66

parasympathetic