Musculoskeletal System💀

Question 1

How many bones are in the human body?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

What are three examples of long bones?

Answer 2

Femur, radius and tibia

Question 3

What is the function of short bones?

Answer 3

To provide stability and support whilst allowing some motion

Question 4

Flat bones are points of attachment for muscles and protectors of internal organs. True or false?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Name 2 of the flat bones within the body

Answer 5

Sternum and ribs

Question 6

What is the function of irregular bones and name an example of one in the body

Answer 6

To protect internal organs.
Example - Facial bones

Question 7

What are the two main parts of the long bones?

Answer 7

Diaphysis and epiphyses

Question 8

What is the protective membrane that covers all bones in the body?

Answer 8

Periosteum

Question 9

What are the 4 types of cells found in bone tissue?

Answer 9

• Osteoblasts
• Osteogenic
• Osteocytes
• Osteoclasts

Question 10

Compact bone is the denser and stronger type or bone tissue. True or false?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What is ossification?

Answer 11

Bone formation

Question 12

When does bone formation begin?

Answer 12

The 6th or 7th week of embryonic development

Question 13

What does intramembranous ossification form?

Answer 13

Flat bones (such as the skull)

Question 14

What does endochondral ossification form?

Answer 14

All other bones by replacing cartilage models

Question 15

Why is calcium needed for the bones?

Answer 15

To form calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate - which gives bones their hardness

Question 16

Which vitamin allows the absorption of calcium?

Answer 16

D

Question 17

Which vitamin supports mineralisation?

Answer 17

K

Question 18

What are the two structural components of bones?

Answer 18

Magnesium and fluoride

Question 19

What reduces inflammation?

Answer 19

Omega-3 fatty acids

Question 20

What is the function of growth hormones in the bones?

Answer 20

Increases length of long bones, enhances mineralisation and improves bone density

Question 21

What hormone stimulates bone growth and promotes synthesis of bone matrix?

Answer 21

Thyroxine

Question 22

What hormone stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the digestive tract?

Answer 22

Calcitriol

Question 23

How many bones are in the skull?

Answer 23

22

Question 24

What are the two main sections of the skull?

Answer 24

Cranial vault and facial bones

Question 25

Why is the foramen magnum important?

Answer 25

It is where the spinal cord exits

Question 26

What is also known as the cheekbone?

Answer 26

Zygomatic arch

Question 27

How many facial bones are there?

Answer 27

14

Question 28

What is the vertebral column?

Answer 28

A complex structure consisting of 24 vertebrae, the sacrum and coccyx

Question 29

What are the 5 sections of the vertebral column?

Answer 29

- Cervical - Thoracic - Lumbar - Sacral - Coccygeal

Question 30

What is the thoracic cage?

Answer 30

The rib cage

Question 31

How many ribs are in the thoracic cage?

Answer 31

12 pairs

Question 32

What are 2 other components of the thoracic cage?

Answer 32

Costal cartilages and the sternum

Question 33

What two bones are in the pectoral girdle?

Answer 33

Scapula and clavicle

Question 34

How many bones are in each upper limb?

Answer 34

30

Question 35

What is the single bone of the upper arm?

Answer 35

Humerus

Question 36

What 2 bones are paired together to make the forearm?

Answer 36

Ulna and radius

Question 37

How many bones are in the base of the hand?

Answer 37

8

Question 38

How many bones are in the palm of the hand?

Answer 38

5

Question 39

How many bones are in the fingers and thumbs?

Answer 39

14

Question 40

How many bones are in the lower limbs?

Answer 40

30

Question 41

Where is the thigh located?

Answer 41

Between the hip joint and the knee joint

Question 42

What is the single bone of the thigh called?

Answer 42

Femur

Question 43

What is the patella?

Answer 43

The kneecap

Question 44

Which bone is the larger, weight bearing bone located on the medial side of the leg?

Answer 44

Tibia

Question 45

What is the fibula?

Answer 45

The bone which is thinner and on the lateral leg

Question 46

What are the bones called that are in toes?

Answer 46

Phalanx bones

Question 47

What is a joint?

Answer 47

Any place where adjacent bones or bone and cartilage come together to form a connection

Question 48

What are the three types of joints?

Answer 48

Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial

Question 49

A suture is the narrow fibrous joint found between most bones of the skull, true or false?

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What is a ligament?

Answer 50

A band of fibrous connective tissue

Question 51

What is the primary function of skeletal muscles?

Answer 51

To enable movement, maintain posture, protect internal organs and maintain body temperature

Question 52

What controls the skeletal muscles?

Answer 52

The nervous system through neuromuscular junctions

Question 53

Where is cardiac muscle found?

Answer 53

The heart

Question 54

Name the components of the MSK system:

Answer 54

- Skeletal muscle - Tendons - Ligaments - Cartilage - Bursa - Fascia

Question 55

What are skeletal muscle fibres?

Answer 55

“Cigar shaped” multinucleate cells

Question 56

What is the connective tissue sheath that covers the muscle fibres?

Answer 56

Endomysium

Question 57

What is the name of the courser fibrous membrane which wraps the sheathed fibres?

Answer 57

Perimysium

Question 58

What is the name of the tougher connective tissue which is bound to the fibres?

Answer 58

Epimysium

Question 59

What are tendons?

Answer 59

Tissues which connect muscle to bone

Question 60

What is one location of the hyaline cartilage and what is its function?

Answer 60

Between the ribs and bones of the sternum. Provides stiff and flexible support and reduces friction

Question 61

What is the function of the fibrous cartilage?

Answer 61

Prevents bone-to-bone contact, limits relative movement and resists compression

Question 62

What is the function of the fibrocartilage?

Answer 62

Stabilises the knee

Question 63

What is a bursa?

Answer 63

A small fluid filled sac

Question 64

What is the function of the bursa?

Answer 64

To provide a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint

Question 65

What is a the growth hormone in bones?

Answer 65

IGF-1

Question 66

The head of the femur consists of yellow and red marrow but what is the functions of these?

Answer 66

Yellow stores fat Red is responsible for hematopoiesis