Digestive System🦷

Question 1

The function of the mouth is to…

Answer 1

Ingest the food, chew and mix it and begin the chemical breakdowns of carbohydrates

Question 2

What propels food from the oral cavity to the oesophagus?

Answer 2

The pharynx

Question 3

What propels food to the stomach?

Answer 3

Oesophagus

Question 4

What is the functions of the stomach?

Answer 4

To begin the chemical breakdown of proteins, absorb fat soluble substances and release food into the duodenum as chyme

Question 5

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 5

Absorbs carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids

Question 6

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 6

Breaks down the food and propels faeces towards the rectum

Question 7

What is the function of lamina-propria?

Answer 7

To transport nutrients that have been absorbed, house lymphocytes and make mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Question 8

What connects overlying mucosa to underlying muscularis?

Answer 8

Submucosa

Question 9

What is the function of the muscularis?

Answer 9

Promotes mechanical digestion and exposes more of the food to chemicals

Question 10

What begins mechanical digestion ?

Answer 10

Teeth and tongue

Question 11

What begins chemical digestion?

Answer 11

Salivary glands

Question 12

What stores and releases bile?

Answer 12

Gallbladder

Question 13

What produces bile salts?

Answer 13

Liver

Question 14

What produces enzymes and bicarbonate?

Answer 14

Pancreas

Question 15

Which nervous system provides alimentary canal organs?

Answer 15

Enteric nervous system

Question 16

How does blood supply help the digestive system?

Answer 16

Transports proteins and carbohydrate nutrients

Question 17

What are the 3 neural controls of the digestive system?

Answer 17

• Mechanoreceptors
• Chemoreceptors
• Osmoreceptors

Question 18

Define metabolism.

Answer 18

All the chemical reactions that occur in the body to provide the chemical energy for all cellular activity

Question 19

What are the two processes of metabolism?

Answer 19

Catabolic (breaking down) and anabolic (building up)

Question 20

What are the main nutrient groups?

Answer 20

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Minerals
Vitamins
Water
Fibre

Question 21

What is the cells preferred energy source?

Answer 21

Glucose

Question 22

What is the function of aerobic respiration?

Answer 22

To release energy

Question 23

What is formed from the breakdown of amino acids?

Answer 23

Urea

Question 24

What are proteins used for?

Answer 24

• Cell division
• Cell repair
• Cell building
• Making more energy

Question 25

What are lipids made of?

Answer 25

Glycerol backbone and fatty acids

Question 26

What are lipids used for?

Answer 26

Cell membranes, energy storage, nutrient transportation, steroids and cushioning vital organs

Question 27

Fatty acid chains are strings of hydrogen and carbon atoms. But what does tri, di and mono chains mean?

Answer 27

Tri - 3 chains Di - 2 chains Mono - 1 chain

Question 28

Which fats have single chain bonds?

Answer 28

Saturated

Question 29

What fats have double chain bonds?

Answer 29

Unsaturated

Question 30

What are steroids made up of?

Answer 30

Cholesterol

Question 31

What are three important steroid hormones?

Answer 31

- Oestrogen - Progesterone - Testosterone

Question 32

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 32

A, D, E and K

Question 33

What are water soluble vitamins?

Answer 33

B and C

Question 34

How many vitamins are there in total?

Answer 34

13

Question 35

What are the three main minerals?

Answer 35

Iron, potassium and calcium

Question 36

What do trace elements include?

Answer 36

Iodine and zinc

Question 37

What do trace elements include?

Answer 37

Iodine and zinc

Question 38

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

Answer 38

To break down food and absorb nutrients.

Question 39

True or False: The mouth is the first organ of the digestive system.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for the absorption of most nutrients.

Answer 40

small intestine

Question 41

What enzyme is found in saliva that begins the digestion of carbohydrates?

Answer 41

Amylase

Question 42

Multiple Choice: Which of the following organs is NOT part of the digestive system? A) Stomach B) Liver C) Lungs D) Pancreas

Answer 42

C) Lungs

Question 43

What is the role of the stomach in digestion?

Answer 43

To mix food with gastric juices and break it down into a semi-liquid form.

Question 44

True or False: The large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

What is the name of the flap that prevents food from entering the windpipe during swallowing?

Answer 45

Epiglottis

Question 46

Fill in the blank: The __________ produces bile, which helps in the digestion of fats.

Answer 46

liver

Question 47

Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for the digestion of proteins? A) Mouth B) Stomach C) Esophagus D) Large intestine

Answer 47

B) Stomach

Question 48

What are villi and their function in the digestive system?

Answer 48

Villi are small, finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for nutrient absorption.

Question 49

True or False: The pancreas produces insulin and digestive enzymes.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What is the function of the gallbladder in digestion?

Answer 50

To store and concentrate bile produced by the liver.

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The __________ connects the mouth to the stomach.

Answer 51

esophagus

Question 52

Multiple Choice: Which digestive process involves the physical breakdown of food? A) Digestion B) Absorption C) Mastication D) Peristalsis

Answer 52

C) Mastication