Urinary system Flashcards
What is the renal column
The renal column is in between the medulla of the cortex
What is the renal lobe?
The renal lobe is the part the cortex medula and renal column
What blood vessel comes after the segmental artery
The interlobar artery comes after
What are the 5 artery blood vessels of the kidney
The renal, segmental, interlobar, arcuate, and cortical radiate
What makes up the renal corpuscle
The glomerulus and the glomerular capsule
Whats the difference between artery blood supply of kidney and the venous
The venuos does not have a segmental vein
What part of the nephron are in the mdeulla and what parts are in the cortex
The loop of henley (nephron loop) and part of the collecting duct while the cortex has the glomerular capsule and glomerulus, the proximal convoluted tubule, and the DCT
Where do the ureters enter the urinary bladder
They enter inferiorly on the bladder on the
Urinary system functions
Produce store and excrete urine, regulate blood volume, and regulate ion balance
What is the renal lobe made up of
It is made up of the medulla, renal column, and cortex
Why is the right kidney lower than the left kidney
The right is lower because the liver takes up a lot of space
What is the difference between the minor and major calyx
The minor calyx is between the renal columns while the major calyx is where urine pools from the minor calyx
What is the renal fascia
This is the dense connective tissue that anchors the kidney
What are the supportive tissue layers of the kidney
The fibrous capsule, fat and renal fascia
What are the structures blood flows through in the renal veins
Cortical radiate, arcuate, interlobar, renal artery to the heart
What are the structures that makeup the nephron
Renal corpuscle (Bowman’s capsule), proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct
What is the renal corpuscle made of and what do they do and why is pressure important here
It is made up of a glomerular capsule that houses the capillaries ad the glomerulus which is are capillaries that allow for filtrate to come out of the blood. High pressure here to drive filtration
Why is the winding of the nephron important
This allows for an increase in surface area so that there is better reabsorption
What are the two convoluted tubules of the nephron and what do they do
The descending nephron loop reabsorbs water, while the ascending loop reabsorbs solutes
What is used by the tubules to reabsorb water and which hormone does the distal use to reabsorb
They use hormones and the DCT uses aldosterone to reabsorb sodium
What happens in the collecting duct
Reabsorption and secretion
What is the urinary tract composed of and what its function
It is composed of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Its function is to store transport and excrete urine
What are the three layers of ureters
There is the adventitia which is the outermost and consists of fibrous connective tissue, the muscularis which is two layers of smooth muscle, then there is the mucosa which is the innermost
What is the urinary bladder
This is a collapsible muscular sac that stores urine until it is excreted
