Topic 4c axial skeloton

Question 1

What do the axial skeletons do?

Answer 1

They protect and support the organs, and provides sites for muscle attachment.

Question 2

What are the two types of bones in the skull?

Answer 2

There are cranial bones and facial bones

Question 3

What are cranial bones?

Answer 3

They are 8 bones in the skull that make contact with the brain in order to protect it.

Question 4

What are facial bones?

Answer 4

Facial bones are the 14 bones in the skull that don’t have contact with the brain.

Question 5

What are the 8 cranial bones?

Answer 5

There is the parietal left and right, temporal left and right, occipital, frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid

Question 6

What are the sutures of the cranial bones?

Answer 6

They are immovable interlocking joints between the cranial bones.

Question 7

What are the names of the cranial sutures and where are they found?

Answer 7

There is the coronal found between the frontal and parietal, the squamous between the temporal and parietal, the sagittal which is between runs vertically so between the parietal bones, and lambdoid which is between the parietal and occipital bone

Question 8

Which bone is in contact with all sutures?

Answer 8

The parietal bones

Question 9

What is the supraorbital foramen?

Answer 9

It is an opening above the eye that allows passage for nerves and vessels

Question 10

What is the foramen magnum?

Answer 10

It is basically a large hole at the bottom of the skull that allows for the passage of the spinal cord

Question 11

What are the occipital condyles?

Answer 11

It is the part of the head that articulates with the vertebrae

Question 12

What is the styloid process?

Answer 12

It is a bone where the larynx and tongue attach

Question 13

What is the mandibular fossa

Answer 13

It is a depression along the zygomatic process towards the ear that articulates with the mandible (jaw)

Question 14

What is the external acoustic meatus?

Answer 14

It is the opening to the auditory canal

Question 15

What is the sphenoid bone?

Answer 15

It is the cranial bone that holds all of the cranial bones together. It has the sella turcica which is a chamber for the pituitary gland and it forms the sphenoidal sinus

Question 16

What is the ethmoid

Answer 16

The ethmoid articulates with more of the facial bones it

Question 17

WHat is the crista gali

Answer 17

It helps support and attach the brain

Question 18

What is the perpendicular plate

Answer 18

The perpendicular plate i

Question 19

What are the structures in the ethmoid bone

Answer 19

There is the crista Gali, perpendicular plate, and ethmoidal sinuses

Question 20

What are the functions of facial bones and how many of them are there

Answer 20

They form part of the orbital and nasal cavities that support the teeth and are a site for muscle attachment and there are 14 of them

Question 21

Which of the facial bones are unpaired

Answer 21

The vomer and the mandible

Question 22

What are the paired facial bones

Answer 22

The zygomatic bone, nasal bone, lacrimal bones, maxilla, palatine bones, inferior nasal conchae

Question 23

What is the mandible

Answer 23

It is an unpaired facial bone that has a body and the ramus

Question 24

What are the features of the mandible

Answer 24

It has the condylar process, the coronoid process, and the alveolar process

Question 25

What is the maxilla

Answer 25

It is 2 paired bone that is not paired during development

Question 26

What are the features inside the maxilla

Answer 26

There is the alveolar process and the palatine process and the maxillary sinus which is the largest sinus

Question 27

What is the zygomatic bone

Answer 27

It is known as the cheekbone and is paired.

Question 28

What are the features in the zygomatic bone

Answer 28

The zygomatic bone has the maxillary process the frontal process, and the temporal process

Question 29

What is the vomer

Answer 29

The vomer is a non paired triangular bone and forms the inferior part of the nasal septum

Question 30

What are the palatine bones

Answer 30

They are paired L-shaped bones. There is the horizontal plates and the vertical perpendicular that forms the nasal cavity

Question 31

What is the lacrimal bone

Answer 31

It is a paired anterior bone in the orbital region and it has a groove

Question 32

What is the inferior nasal conchae

Answer 32

It is a paired bone that allows air to travel longer before it can get into the body so that the air can be filtered longer, and be warmed before reaching the body

Question 33

What are the 4 paired sinuses

Answer 33

There is the maxillary (largest) sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal

Question 34

What are sinuses

Answer 34

They are air-filled spaces in the skull bones around the nasal cavity that help with

Question 35

What is the hyoid bone

Answer 35

The only bone in the body that doesn't attach to any bone. It is located between the mandible and the larynx

Question 36

What are the five major regions of the vertebral column

Answer 36

There is the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx

Question 37

What are the features of the ethmoid bone and what do they do

Answer 37

It has the crista Galli which helps the brain attach in place, the perpendicular plate which forms the inner part of the nose and the ethmoidal air cells which

Question 38

What bones contribute to the hard palate

Answer 38

The maxilla, and the palatine bone

Question 39

What are the basic features of the disc

Answer 39

There is the vertebral arch, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process,

Question 40

What are the characteristics of C1 vertebrae

Answer 40

It is known as the atlas vertebrae and has nobody or spinous process, it articulates with the occipital condyles

Question 41

What are the characteristics of the C2 vertebrae

Answer 41

It is known as the axis and has a structure where the body should be known as the dens

Question 42

What are the cervical bones

Answer 42

Cervical bones are the superior most vertebral bones and are usually small and slender

Question 43

What are the thoracic bones

Answer 43

They are bones

Question 44

What is the sacrum

Answer 44

The sacrum is a collection of 5 fused vertebrae

Question 45

What is the coccyx

Answer 45

It is the fusion of four small vertebrae and is an attachment site for ligaments and muscles

Question 46

What is the thoracic cage

Answer 46

It is a frame consisting of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and costal cartilage

Question 47

What is the sternum made out of

Answer 47

It is made up of the manubrium (sternum), the body, and the xiphoid process which is a piece of cartilage

Question 48

What are the true ribs

Answer 48

The true ribs are the first 7 ribs that connect from the vertebrae to the sternum