urinary obstruction

Question 1

impact of obst.

Answer 1

renal insuff. and hydro nephrosis

- not AKI unless bilateral

Question 2

4 ways to classify

Answer 2

1. acute vs. chronic
2. lower vs upper (vesicular jct)
3. complete vs partial
4. unilateral vs. bilat

Question 3

causes of lower

Answer 3

• BPH, CA
• stricture, stone
• neurogenic bladder
• trauma

Question 4

causes of upper

Answer 4

intrinsic
- stones, clots, sloughed papilla, crystals
extrinsic
- preg, tumor, AAA

Question 5

5 clincal features

Answer 5

1. renal colic
2. oliguria
3. recurretn STIs
4. hematuria or proteinuria
5. renal failure

Question 6

steps to Dx

Answer 6

1. renal US - show dilation of tract
2. urinalysis
3. KUB
4. IV urogram
5. voiding cystourography
6. cystoscopy

Question 7

Treamtent

Answer 7

lower
- cath, dilations, prostatectomy
upper
- nephrostomy tube
- uretral stent