Hyponatremia Flashcards
Sx of hypo
nonw
- HA
- Lethargy
- dizzyness and ataxia
- mild confusion
- psychosis
- seizures
- coma
Sx of hypo
nonw
- HA
- Lethargy
- dizzyness and ataxia
- mild confusion
- psychosis
- seizures
- coma
lab def
3 setting in which to think about hyponatremia
- volume contracted
- volume expanded
- euvolemic
mech in contraction
low volume causes ADH to take in water
findings for contraction in terms of serum osm , urine, osm, urine vol, urine Na, and resonpse to NS IV
serum osm - low urine osm - high urine vol - low urine Na - low response to NS - improvement
3 mech in euvolemia
- SIADH - inappropriately keep free water
- hypothyroid or AI
- drugs
- carba
- antidep
- clofibrate
- opiates
- NSAIDSs
- yclophasphamide
findings for euvol. in terms of serum osm , urine, osm, urine vol, urine Na, and resonpse to NS IV
serum osm - low urine osm - low >100 urine vol - depends on intake urine Na - higher >40 response to NS - no change or worsening
causes of SIADH
- malig
- pulmonary - PNA and TB
- neuro
- encephalitis/meningitis
- trauma
- stroke
- alc. withdrawal - other
- HIV/AIDS
- psych
mech in expanded
edema causing states
- CHF, cirrosis, nephroticsyndrome
- volume overload, but more water than Na, but poor renal perfusion, so ADH
findings for volume expansion. in terms of serum osm , urine, osm, urine vol, urine Na, and resonpse to NS IV
serum osm - low
urine osm - low >100
urine vol - low
urine Na - low
lab def
3 setting in which to think about hyponatremia
- volume contracted
- volume expanded
- euvolemic
mech in contraction
low volume causes ADH to take in water
findings for contraction in terms of serum osm , urine, osm, urine vol, urine Na, and resonpse to NS IV
serum osm - low urine osm - high urine vol - low urine Na - low response to NS - improvement
