Urinary & Male Reproductive System

Question 1

cortex

Answer 1

outer region of an organ; the renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney
*cortical means pertaining to the cortex

Question 2

electrolyte

Answer 2

chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water.
functioning of muscles and nerves.
eg: Potassium and Sodium

Question 3

erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 3

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells by bone marrow.
stimulates red blood cell production.

Question 4

filtration

Answer 4

process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter

Question 5

glomerulus

plural: glomeruli

Answer 5

tiny ball of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) in the kidney.

Question 6

hilum

Answer 6

depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

Question 7

kidney

Answer 7

one of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; it filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine

Question 8

meatus

Answer 8

opening or canal

Question 9

medulla

Answer 9

inner region of an organ.

Latin medulla meaning marrow (inner part)

Question 10

renal medulla

Answer 10

inner region of a kidney.

Question 11

nephron

Answer 11

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney.

Question 12

nitrogenous waste

Answer 12

substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine

Question 13

potassium (K+)

Answer 13

electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood.
allowing muscle back into the bloodstream

Question 14

renal pelvis

Answer 14

central collecting region in the kidney

Question 15

renin

Answer 15

hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)

Question 16

sodium (Na+)

Answer 16

electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys;

needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions.

Question 17

trigone

Answer 17

triangular area in the urinary bladder.

Question 18

urea

Answer 18

major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine

Question 19

ureter

Answer 19

one of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Question 20

urethra

Answer 20

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Question 21

urinary bladder

Answer 21

hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

Question 22

urination (voiding)

Answer 22

process of expelling urine; also called micturition