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Medical Terminology > Cardiovascular System Ch. 11 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Ch. 11 Flashcards

1
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body

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2
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

“ole” = little/ small

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3
Q

artery

A

largest type blood vessel; carries blood AWAY from the heart to all parts of the body

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4
Q

atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His)

A

specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them.
His pronounced “hiss”

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5
Q

atrioventricular node

AV node

A

Specialized tissue in the wall between the artria.
Electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle or bundle of His toward toward the ventricles.

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6
Q

atrium (plural: atria)

A

one of two upper chamber of the heart

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7
Q

capillary

A

smallest blood vessel.

Materials pass to and from the bloodsteam through the thin capillary walls.

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8
Q

carbon dioxide (CO2)

A

Gas (Waste) released by body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation

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9
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

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10
Q

deoxygenated blood

A

blood that is oxygen-poor

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11
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heartbeat.
(from Greek diastole, dilation.)
heart refills with blood

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12
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the electricity flowing through the heart. The electricity is represented by waves or deflections called P, QRS, or T.

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13
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

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14
Q

endothelium

A

innermost lining of blood vessels.

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15
Q

mitral valve

A

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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16
Q

myocardium

A

muscular, middle layer of the heart

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17
Q

oxygen

A

gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells.

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18
Q

pacemaker (sinoatrial node)

A

specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat.

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19
Q

pericardium

A

double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

20
Q

pulmonary artery

A

artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

21
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the L heart

22
Q

pulmonary valve

A

vale positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

23
Q

pulmonary vein

A

one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart

24
Q

pulse

A

beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries

25
Q

septum (plural: septa)

A

partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum)

26
Q

sinoatrial node (SA node)

A

pacemaker of the heart

27
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument to measure blood pressure

28
Q

systemic circulation

A

flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the R heart back to body tissues

29
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of the heartbeat (from Greek, systole = contraction)
forcing blood out of heart

30
Q

tricuspid valve

A

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three (tri-) leaflets, or cusps.

31
Q

valve

A

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction

32
Q

vein

A

thin-walled vessel that carries blood from the body tissues and lungs back to the heart. Veins contains valves to prevent backflow of blood.

33
Q

vena cava (plural: venae cavae)

A

largest vein in the body.

superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart.

34
Q

ventricle

A

one of two lower chambers of the heart

35
Q

venule

A

small vein

36
Q

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft CABG

A

surgery builds a detour around one or more blocked coronary arteries with a graft from a healthy vein or artery.

37
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

caused by a lack of blood & 02 (ischemia) to the myocardium
heart attack

38
Q

Atherosclerosis/Arteriosclerosis

A

can lead to coronary artery disease, MI

39
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

40
Q

aneurysm

A

local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall

41
Q

arrhythmia(s)

A

abnormal heart rhythms

dysrhythmias

42
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

A

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

43
Q

Blood Pressure

systole/diastole

A

pressure exerted by blood against blood vessel walls and the second force created as the heart rate rests between heart beats

44
Q

Coronary Artery Disease CAD

A

Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

45
Q

The Heart

A

beats 70-80 bpm X 60 min = 4800 hour

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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