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Medical Terminology > Skin Ch. 16 > Flashcards

Skin Ch. 16 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

adipocyte

A

fat cell

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2
Q

albino

A

person with skin deficient in pigment (melanin)

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3
Q

basal layer

A

deepest region of the epidermis; it gives rise to all the epidermal cells

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4
Q

collagen

A

structural protein found in the skin and connective tissue

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5
Q

dermis

A

middle layer of the skin

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6
Q

epidermis

A

outermost layer of the skin

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7
Q

epithelium

A

layer of the skin cells forming the outer and inner surfaces of the body

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8
Q

hair follicle

A

sac within which each hair grows

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9
Q

integumentary system

A

the skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails.

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10
Q

keratin

A

hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails.
means horn and commonly is found in the horns of animals.

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11
Q

melanin

A

skin pigment. it is formed by melanocytes in the epidermis.
eumelanin is brown-black pigment.
pheomelanin is red-yellow pigment.

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12
Q

paronychium

A

soft tissue surrounding the nail border.

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13
Q

sebaceous gland

A

oil-secreting gland in the dermis that is associated with hair follicles.

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14
Q

sebum

A

oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands.

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15
Q

squamous epithelium

A

flat, scale-like cells composing epidermis.

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16
Q

stratum (plural:strata)

A

a layer (of cells).

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17
Q

subcutaneous layer

A

innermost layer of the skin, containing fat tissue.

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18
Q

crust

A

collection of dried serum and cellular debris

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19
Q

cyst

A

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material.
e.g. pilonidal cyst
sebaceous cyst

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20
Q

erosion

A

wearing away or loss of epidermis

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21
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore.

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22
Q

macule

A

flat, pigmented lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter.

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23
Q

nodule

A

solid, round or oval elecated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter.

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24
Q

papule

A

small (-1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin.

e.g. pimples

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25
Q

polyp

A

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane.

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26
Q

pustule

A

papule containing pus

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27
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeper than an erosion)

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28
Q

vesicle

A

small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister

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29
Q

wheal

A

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder or pale than the surrounding skin.

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30
Q

alopecia

A

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows.

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31
Q

ecchymosis

ecchymoses

A

bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin.

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32
Q

petechia

A

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

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33
Q

pruritus

A

itching

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34
Q

ABCDE

A 
asymmetry (of shape)
border (irregularity)
color (variation within one lesion)
diameter (greater than 6 mm)
evolution (change) - characteristics associated with melanoma
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35
Q

Bx

A

biopsy

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36
Q

Derm

A

dermatology

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37
Q

DLE

A

discoid lupus erythematosus

38
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative– used in skin test for tuberculosis

39
Q

PUVA

A

psoralen-ultraviolet A light therapy, treatment for psoriasis and other skin conditions

40
Q

SLE

A

systemic lupus erythematosus

41
Q

SC

A

subcutaneous

42
Q

crust

A

collection of dried serum and cellular debris

43
Q

cyst

A

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material.

44
Q

erosion

A

wearing away or loss of epidermis.

45
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore

46
Q

macule

A

flat, pigmented lesion measuring less than 1cm in diameter.

47
Q

nodule

A

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter.

48
Q

papule

A

small (>1cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin

49
Q

polyp

A

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

50
Q

pustule

A

papule containing pus.

51
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeper than an erosion)

decubitis ulcers (bedsores)

52
Q

vesicle

A

small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister

53
Q

wheal

A

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder or paler than the surrounding skin

54
Q

alopecia

A

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows.

55
Q

ecchymosis

plural: ecchymoses

A

bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin

56
Q

petechia

plural: petechiae

A

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

57
Q

pruritus

A

itching

58
Q

acne

A

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of the sebum

59
Q

burns

A

injury to tissue caused by heat contact.

60
Q

first-degree burns

A

superficial epidermal lesions, erythema, hyperesthesia and no blisters

61
Q

second-degree burns

A

epidermal and dermal lesions, erythema, blisters, and hyperesthesia

62
Q

third-degree burns

A

epidermis and dermis are destroyed and subcutaneous layer is damaged, leaving charred, white tissue

63
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

64
Q

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

A

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papalosquamous lesions.

65
Q

exanthematous viral disease

A

rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infectio

e.g rebulla

66
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

67
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions.

68
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic, recureent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales

69
Q

scabies

A

contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus

70
Q

scleroderma

A

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

71
Q

systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

72
Q

tinea

A

infection of the skin caused by a fungus

73
Q

urticaria (hives)

A

acute allergic reaction in which red, round, wheals develop in the skin

74
Q

vitiligo

A

loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches )

75
Q

callus

A

increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction

76
Q

keloid

A

excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision

77
Q

keratosis

A

thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage

78
Q

leukoplakia

A

white, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek

79
Q

nevus

plural: nevi

A

pigmented lesion of the skin

80
Q

verruca

plural: verrucae

A

epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus

81
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

82
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

83
Q

malignant melanoma

A

cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

84
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant vascular, neoplastic growth characteruzed by cutaneous nodules.

85
Q

bacterial analyses

A

samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms.

86
Q

fungal tests

A

scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examinations

87
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue

88
Q

curettage

A

use of a sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion

89
Q

electrodesiccation

A

tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark,

90
Q

Mohs surgery

A

thin layers malignant tissue are removes, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection

91
Q

skin biopsy

A

suspicious skin lesion are removed or sampled and examined microscopically by a pathologist

92
Q

skin test

A

substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results are observed

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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