Urinary - Infectious & Inflammatory

Question 1

-inflammation of the bladder
-more common in females (short urethra)
-caused by bacteria from fecal matter, sexual intercourse
-acute or chronic

Answer 1

Cystitis

Question 2

T/F
The most common nosocomial cystitis infection is from catheterization

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the manifestations or cystitis?

Answer 3

-urination frequently and urgently
-burning sensation with urination

Question 4

How will cystitis show in an image?

Answer 4

-irregularity of bladder wall
-US - thickened bladder wall
-CT - bladder wall filled with gaseous material

*treatment - antibiotics or sulfa drugs

Question 5

-inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by pyogenic (pus) bacteria
-affects interstitial tissue between tubules
-often only involves one kidney

Answer 5

Pyelonephritis

Question 6

How is pyelonephritis acquired?

Answer 6

-may spread from the blood stream or lymphatics
-usually originates in the bladder and ascends the ureter into the kidneys

Question 7

Who is most commonly affected by pyelonephritis?

Answer 7

-often women and kids
-frequently in patients with obstruction of the urinary tract (enlarged prostate, kidney stone…)
-could also be nosocomial (catheter)

Question 8

What are the manifestations of pyelonephritis?

Answer 8

-high fever/chills
-sudden back pain that spreads over the abdomen
-dysuria (painful urination)
-pyuria (pus in urine)

Question 9

Sudden back pain that spreads over the abdomen

Answer 9

Renal colic

Question 10

How will pyelonephritis appear radiographically?

Answer 10

IVU
-acute: station in renal pelvis
-chronic: blunting or clubbing of calyces
CT
changes in cortex and associated abscesses
US
large pelvis with loss of parenchyma
NM (last resort)
inflammation, scarring and renal distribution function