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Pathology 1 > Cell Pathology And Terms > Flashcards

Cell Pathology And Terms Flashcards

1
Q

The pattern of the body’s response to some form of injury that causes a deviation from or variation of normal conditions

A

Disease

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2
Q

Measurable or objective manifestations

A

Signs

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3
Q

Feelings that the patient describes - subjective manifestations

A

Symptoms

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4
Q

Disease caused by physician or treatment

A

Iatrogenic

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5
Q

Contracted from the acute care facility

A

Nosocomial infections

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6
Q

Contracted in a public setting outside of the acute care facility

A

Community acquired infection

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7
Q

Underlying cause is unknown

A

Idiopathic

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8
Q

Cell death

A

Necrosis and apoptosis

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9
Q

Atrophy, hypertrophy, metaplasia, intercellular accumulations and aging
What are these examples of?

A

Alterations of cell growth

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10
Q

What is an example of reversible cell injury?

A

Cellular swelling

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11
Q

What is an example of irreversible cell injury?

A

Cell death/necrosis

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12
Q

What are some causes of cell injury?

A

-hypoxia/anoxia (deprivation of oxygen)
-toxins
-microbes
-inflammation and immune reactions
-genetic/metabolic disorders

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13
Q

The initial response of the body tissue to local injury

A

Inflammation

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14
Q

What are the 5 clinical signs of inflammation?

A

-rubor
-calor
-tumor
-dolor
-loss of function

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15
Q

Rubor

A

Redness

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16
Q

Calor

A

Heat

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17
Q

Tumor

A

Swelling

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18
Q

Dolor

A

Pain

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19
Q

The destruction of a cell through the action of its own enzymes

A

Autolysis

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20
Q

What two forms can cell death occur in?

A

Necrosis
Apoptosis

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21
Q

Localized death of cells or tissues in a living organism

A

Necrosis

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22
Q

Programmed death of single cells within a living organism

A

Apoptosis

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23
Q

Allows fluids/cells to pass from one tissue to another tissue or location

A

Permeable membrane

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24
Q

Fibrous scar replaces destroyed tissue

A

Granulation tissue

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25
Q

Thick, yellow fluid called pus ( dead white cells)

A

Pyogenic bacteria

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26
Q

Localized, usually encapsulated collection of fluid

A

Abscess

27
Q

Potential involvement of other organs and tissues in the body by organisms invading the blood vessels

A

Bacteremia

28
Q

An interference with the blood supply to an organ or part of an organ
- it deprives cells and tissues of oxygen and nutrients

A

Ischemia

29
Q

A localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by occlusion of either its arterial supply or its venous drainage

A

Infarction

30
Q

Implies rupture of a blood vessel
-usually caused by injury, trauma, atherosclerosis, inflammatory or neoplastic erosion

A

Hemorrhage

31
Q

Accumulation of blood trapped within body tissue
-can result from an injury to any type of blood vessel

A

Hematoma

32
Q

Reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ or tissue, with a corresponding decrease in function

A

Atrophy

33
Q

Increase in size of the cells of a tissue or organ in response to a demand for increased function - enlarged cells

A

Hypertrophy

34
Q

Increased number of cells in a tissue or organ

A

Hyperplasia

35
Q

Loss of uniformity of individual cells and their architectural orientation
- associated with prolonged chronic irritation or inflammation

A

Dysplasia

36
Q

“New growth”, commonly referred to as tumours
An abnormal proliferation of cells that are no longer controlled by the factors that govern growth of normal cells
Act as parasites, competing with normal cells and tissues for their metabolic needs

A

Neoplasia

37
Q

Study of neoplasms

A

Oncology

38
Q

-Cells that resemble their cells of origin in structure and function
-are localized and don’t usually spread

A

Benign

39
Q

-cells that invade and destroy adjacent structures and can spread to distant sites(metastasize) causing death
-referred to as cancers
-require less oxygen to survive and are more adaptive in unfavorable conditions

A

Malignant

40
Q

Malignant neoplasm of epithelial cell origin

A

Carcinoma

41
Q

Undifferentiated cell growth - without form

A

Anaplastic

42
Q

Highly malignant tumor originating from connective tissue

A

Sarcoma

43
Q

Conditions that are severe and sudden in onset

A

Acute

44
Q

Conditions that increase the tissue mass or density and the result will be greater attenuation

A

Additive/sclerotic

45
Q

Body’s counter action to control antigens

A

Antibodies

46
Q

Lack of normal development resulting in a small size or developmental failure resulting in the absence of an organ or tissue

A

Aplasia

47
Q

Conditions that persist for a long time or constantly recur

A

Chronic

48
Q

The precise disease process affecting the patient

A

Diagnosis

49
Q

Accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities

A

Edema

50
Q

Accumulation of fluid

A

Effusion

51
Q

Any foreign matter such as blood clot or air bubble carried in the bloodstream

A

Embolus

52
Q

A study of determinants that is complied for a specific disease in a given population upon determining the type of neoplastic involvement

A

Epidemiology

53
Q

Material that has escaped from blood vessels and has been deposited in tissues or on tissue surfaces

A

Exudate

54
Q

Tumor like mass of tissue caused by a chronic inflammatory process

A

Granuloma

55
Q

Diseases pass form one generation to the next through the genetic info contained in the nucleus of each cell (dna)

A

Hereditary process

56
Q

Alteration in the dna structures that may become permanent hereditary changes

A

Mutation

57
Q

Describes the origin and development of a disease

A

Pathogenesis

58
Q

The expected patient outcome

A

Prognosis

59
Q

Conditions that reduce the tissue mass or density and the result will be less attenuation

A

Subtractive/ destructive

60
Q

Indicates the presence of a combination of symptom bls that commonly occur together and are related to a single cause

A

Syndrome

61
Q

Blood clot in the vascular system

A

Thrombus

62
Q

Small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues

A

Toxins

63
Q

A filtrate of blood due to increased pressure in the veins and capillaries that focuses fluid through the vessel walls or to a low level of protein in blood serum. It accumulates in tissues outside the blood vessels and causes edema

A

Transudate

Pathology 1 (1 decks)

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