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Anatomy 2 Lab > Urinary 2 > Flashcards

Urinary 2 Flashcards

1
Q

why is urinalysis a routine part of a physical examination

A

finding substances in urine that are abnormal may indicate pathology

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2
Q

what substance is responsible for the normal yellow color of urine

A

urochrome

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3
Q

why does urine have higher specific gravity than water

A

the dissolved substances in urine make it denser than water

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4
Q

what three constituents might be present if a UTI exists

A

WBCs, casts, RBCs

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5
Q

how does a UTI influence urine pH

A

makes it more alkaline

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6
Q

how does starvation affect urine pH

A

makes it acidic

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7
Q

presence of erythrocytes in the urine

A

hematuria

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8
Q

presence of hemoglobin in the urine

A

hemoglobinuria

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9
Q

presence of glucose in the urine

A

glycosuria

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10
Q

presence of albumin in the urine

A

albuminuria

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11
Q

presence of ketone bodies in the urine

A

ketonuria

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12
Q

presence of pus(WBC) in the urine

A

pyuria

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13
Q

what are renal calculi

A

kidney stones

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14
Q

what conditions favor kidney stone formation

A

UTI, alkaline urine, urinary retention

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15
Q

why is albumin not normally in the urine

A

it is too large to pass through the filtration membrane

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16
Q

what is associated with low specific gravity in urine

A

diabetes insipidus

17
Q

what is associated with high specific gravity in urine

A

diabetes mellitus and pyelonephritis

18
Q

what is associated with glucose in urine

A

diabetes mellitus and eating an excessive amount of sweets

19
Q

what is associated with albumin in urine

A

glomerulonephritis and pregnancy

20
Q

what is associated with blood cells in urine

A

kidney stones

21
Q

what is associated with hemoglobin in urine

A

hemolytic anemias

22
Q

what is associated with bilirubin in urine

A

hepatitis

23
Q

what is associated with ketone bodies in urine

A

cystitis, starvation, and diabetes mellitus

24
Q

what is associated with casts in urine

A

pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis

25
Q

what is associated with pus in the urine

A

cystitis, gonorrhea, and pyelonephritis

26
Q

what are the three nitrogenous wastes found in the urine

A

creatine, urea, and uric acid

27
Q

what do organized sediments form

A

crystallize or precipitate out of solution

28
Q

what do disorganized sediments contain

A

cellular elements

29
Q

what is in lesser concentration in the urine than in the glomerular filtrate

A

water, sodium ions, amino acids, glucose

30
Q

what is absent from both urine and glomerular filtrate

A

albumin, RBCs, WBCs, and nitrites

Anatomy 2 Lab (11 decks)

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