Respiratory

Question 1

what are the true vocal cords

Answer 1

inferior

Question 2

forms the adams apple

Answer 2

thyroid

Question 3

shaped like a signet ring

Answer 3

cricoid

Question 4

a lid for the larynx

Answer 4

epiglottis

Question 5

vocal cord attachment

Answer 5

arytenoid

Question 6

why is it important that the trachea is reinforced with cartilage

Answer 6

so the passageway remains open and doesnt collapse

Question 7

why is it important that the cartilage rings are incomplete posteriorly

Answer 7

so that when food is swallowed it lets the esophagus expand anteriorly

Question 8

what is the function of the pleural membranes

Answer 8

reduce friction, allow lungs to slide, hold lungs to ribs

Question 9

two functions of the nasal cavity mucosa

Answer 9

filter air and warm it

Question 10

which bronchi is longer

Answer 10

left

Question 11

which bronchi is larger in diameter

Answer 11

right

Question 12

which bronchi is more horizontal

Answer 12

left

Question 13

connects the larynx to the main bronchi

Answer 13

trachea

Question 14

site of tonsils

Answer 14

pharynx

Question 15

food passageway posterior to the trachea

Answer 15

esophagus

Question 16

covers the glottis during swallowing of foood

Answer 16

epiglottis

Question 17

contains the vocal cords

Answer 17

larynx

Question 18

nerve that activates the diaphragm during inspiration

Answer 18

phrenic nerve

Question 19

pleural layer lining the walls of the thorax

Answer 19

parietal pleura

Question 20

site from which oxygen enters the pulmonary blood

Answer 20

alveolus

Question 21

connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

Answer 21

pharyngotympanic tube

Question 22

contains opening between the vocal folds

Answer 22

glottis

Question 23

increase air turbulence in the nasal cavity

Answer 23

chonchae

Question 24

separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

Answer 24

palate

Question 25

what portions of the respiratory system are dead space

Answer 25

conducting zone structures- primary and secondary bronchus and trachea

Question 26

gas exchange between the lungs and blood

Answer 26

external respiration

Question 27

gas exchange between blood and tissue cells

Answer 27

internal respiration

Question 28

how does the lung inflate

Answer 28

part by part

Question 29

what happens when pressure was released from the lungs

Answer 29

lung deflated

Question 30

what type of tissue allows lungs to deflate

Answer 30

elastic tissue

Question 31

what makes alveoli ideal for diffusion of gases

Answer 31

very thin walls, and large surface area

Question 32

volume of air present in lungs after a forceful expiration

Answer 32

residual volume (1100 ml)

Question 33

volume of air that can be expired forcibly after a normal expiration

Answer 33

expiratory reserve volume (1200 ml)

Question 34

volume of air that is breathed in and out during normal respiration

Answer 34

tidal volume (500 ml)

Question 35

volume of air that can be inspired forcibly after a normal inspiration

Answer 35

inspiratory reeserve (2800 ml)

Question 36

what is the vital capacity

Answer 36

4800 ml and TV+IRV+ERV

Question 37

what are the neural control centers of respiratory rhythm

Answer 37

medulla oblongata and pons

Question 38

movement of air in and out of body

Answer 38

ventilation

Question 39

movement of air into and out of lungs

Answer 39

pulmonary ventilation

Question 40

what uses diffusion and no energy for gas exchange(only one layer thick)

Answer 40

alveoli

Question 41

broad air flow passage

Answer 41

nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 42

"detergent", decreases surface tension, breaks up bonds and allows gases to go through easier

Answer 42

surfactant

Question 43

no gas exchange function here

Answer 43

dead space(conducting zone)

Question 44

how many lobes in the right lung

Answer 44

three

Question 45

how many lobes in the left lung

Answer 45

two

Question 46

how many membranes surround the lungs

Answer 46

two

Question 47

why do the membranes surround the lungs

Answer 47

to keep lungs pressurized

Question 48

organ layer

Answer 48

visceral pleura

Question 49

against ribcage to prevent friction

Answer 49

parietal peura

Question 50

usually this occurs in smokers

Answer 50

pulmonary emphysema

Question 51

describe pulmonary emphysema

Answer 51

disease where elastic tissue in lungs does not snap back, stays expanded, air gets trapped in air sacs(do not breathe in enough air), eventually alveolar sacs burst causing a big wide open space

Question 52

inflammation, alveolar sac tissue becomes red and thick(swollen), caused by bacteria

Answer 52

viral pheumonia

Question 53

overproduction of cells(tumor)-big blob of cells, three types

Answer 53

lung cancer

Question 54

overstimulation of this causes hiccups because it is a string connected to diaphragm

Answer 54

phrenic nerve

Question 55

pressure and volume have what kind of relationship

Answer 55

inverse

Question 56

pheumothorax

Answer 56

atelectasis(lung collapses)

Question 57

what does CO2 regulate

Answer 57

acidity and thus breathing

Question 58

air intake increases and CO2 level decreases so breathing rate decreases

Answer 58

hyperventilation

Question 59

air intake decreases and CO2 level increases so breathing rate increases

Answer 59

hypoventilation