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Anatomy 2 Lab > Digestive > Flashcards

Digestive Flashcards

1
Q

the tubelike digestive system canal that extends from the mouth to the anus is known as what

A

ailimentary canal or GI tract

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2
Q

how is the muscularis externa of the stomach modified

A

in addition to the circular and longitudinal layers there is an oblique layer

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3
Q

how does the modification of the muscularis externa help the function of the stomach

A

helps it mix, churn, move food along, and break food into smaller pieces

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4
Q

what transition in the epithelial type exists at the gastroesphangeal junction

A

squamous cells in the esophagus to columnar cells in the gastric mucosa

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5
Q

what are the four parts of the colon

A

ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid

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6
Q

structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall

A

mesentery

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7
Q

fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption

A

villi

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8
Q

large collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine

A

Peyer’s patches

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9
Q

deep folds of the mucosa ans submucosa that extend completely or partially around the circumference of the small intestine

A

circular folds

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10
Q

regions that break down food mechanically

A

oral cavity and stomach

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11
Q

mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing

A

tongue

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12
Q

conduit for both air and food

A

pharynx

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13
Q

the gullet, no digestive or absorptive function

A

esophagus

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14
Q

three structures continuous with and representing modifications of the peritoneum

A

greater omentum, lesser omentum, mesentery

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15
Q

folds of the gastric mucosa

A

rugae

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16
Q

pocketlike sacs of the large intestine

A

haustra

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17
Q

projections of the plasma membrane of mucosal epithelial cell

A

microvilli

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18
Q

valve at the junction of the small and large intestines

A

ileocecal valve

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19
Q

primary region of food and water absorption

A

small intestine

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20
Q

membrane securing the tongue to the floor of the mouth

A

frenulum

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21
Q

absorbs water and forms feces

A

large intestine

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22
Q

area between the teeth and lips/cheek

A

oral vestibule

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23
Q

wormlike sac that outpockets form the cecum

A

appendix

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24
Q

initiates protein digestion

A

stomach

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25
Q

structure attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach

A

lesser omentum

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26
Q

organ immediately distal to the stomach

A

small intestine

27
Q

valve controlling food movement from the stomach to the duodenum

A

pyloric valve

28
Q

posterosuperior boundary of the oral cabity

A

soft palate

29
Q

location of the hepatopancreatic sphincter through which pancreatic secretions and bile pass

A

small intestine

30
Q

serous lining of the abdominal cavity wall

A

parietal peritoneum

31
Q

principal site for the synthesis of vitamin K by microorganisms

A

large intestine

32
Q

region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the body

A

anus

33
Q

bone supported anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity

A

hard palate

34
Q

visible portion of the tooth in situ

A

clinical crown

35
Q

material covering the tooth root

A

cement

36
Q

hardest substance in the body

A

enamel

37
Q

attaches the tooth to bone ans surroundin alveolar structures

A

periodontal ligamnet

38
Q

portion of the tooth embedded in bone

A

root

39
Q

forms the major portion of tooth structure, similar to bone

A

dentin

40
Q

produces the dentin

A

odontoblast

41
Q

site of blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics

A

pulp

42
Q

entire portion of the tooth covered with enamel

A

anatomical crown

43
Q

number of deciduous teeth

A

20

44
Q

number of permanent teeth

A

32

45
Q

dental formula for permanent teeth

A

2,1,2,3/2,1,2,3 x2

46
Q

which teeth are wisdom teeth

A

third molars

47
Q

produce mucus found in the submucosa of the small intestine

A

duodenal glands

48
Q

produce product containing amylase that begins starch breakdown in the mouth

A

salivary glands

49
Q

produce many enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted in to the duodenum

A

pancreas

50
Q

produce bile that is secreted into the duodenum via the bile duct

A

liver

51
Q

produces HCl and pepsinogen

A

gastric glands

52
Q

found in the mucosa of the small instestine, produces intestinal juice

A

intestinal crypts

53
Q

which of the salivary glands produces a secretin that is mainly serous

A

parotid gland

54
Q

what is the role of the gallbladder

A

stores bile

55
Q

where would you expect to find the stellate macrophages of the liver and what do they do

A

sinusoid walls; they remove debris from the blood

56
Q

what secretory cells of the pancreas serve digestive processes

A

acinar cells

57
Q

what are the subuint and substrate of amylase

A

subuint: maltose substrate: starch

58
Q

what is the effect of freezing and boiling on enzyme activity

A

freezing=no effect

boiling=stops enzymes from working

59
Q

at what pH is amylase most active and why

A

7 which is the same pH as the mouth

60
Q

what is the significance of using 37 C incubation temperature to test enzyme activity

A

it is the body temp which is ideal for enzymes

61
Q

what is the usual substrate for peptidase

A

peptides and proteins

62
Q

how does bacteria aid in digestion

A

bacteria digests things we cannot digest(breaks down cellulose)

63
Q

what was the effect of boiling pepsin

A

denatured and inactivated it(no activity in #1)

64
Q

what is the optimal pH of pepsin

A

2 because that is the pH of the gastric juices which is when pepsin is most active

Anatomy 2 Lab (11 decks)

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