Reproductive Flashcards
what are the two principal functions of the testis
sperm production and testosterone production
why are the testes located in the scrotum rather than inside the ventral body cavity
the scrotum provides a slightly cooler temperature for optimal sperm production
what is the copulatory organ/penetrating device
penis
muscular passageway conveying sperm to the ejaculatory duct; in the spermatic cord
ductus deferens
transports both sperm and urine
spongy urethra
sperm maturation site
epididymis
location of the testis in adult males
scrotum
lose fold of skin encircling the glans penis
prepuce
portion of the urethra between the prostate and the penis
intermediate part of the urethra
empties a secretion into the prostatic urethra
prostate
empties a secretion into the intermediate part of the urethra
bulbo urethral glands
what is the composition of semen
sperm and seminal fluid
what structures contribute to semen formation
prostate, seminal vesicles, and bulbo urethral glands
why is seminal fluid alkaline
it buffers the sperm against the acidity of the female reproductive tract
what structures compose the spermatic cord
CT sheath, ducts deferens, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels
pathway of sperm from the testes to the urethra
seminiferous tubule, rete testis, epiddidymis, ductus deferens
what re the structures composing the external genitalia
mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, urethra and vaginal orfices, hymen, and greater vestibular gland
site of fetal development
uterus
copulatory canal
vagina
egg typically fertilized here
uterine tube
becomes erect during sexual excitement
clitoris
duct extending from the ovaries to the uterus
uterine tube
partially closes the vaginal canal; a membrane
hymen
produces oocytes, estrogens, and progesterone
ovaries
fingerlike ends of the uterine tube
fimbriae
what is an ectopic pregnancy
when a fertilized egg implants in a uterine tube or abdominal viscera; occurs if uterine tubes are blocked(prevents passage)
exterior of vestibular perineal structures
anterior limit, clitoris, external urethral opening, vaginal orifice, anus
pathway of sperm through the female reproductive tract
vagina, cervix, uterine tube, peritoneal cavity
what is ovulation
ejection of an immature egg from the ovary
what is an immature egg
oocyte
what are the functions of cavernous bodies on the penis
become engorged with blood, make penis stiff and more effective as a penetrating device
three layers of the uterine wall from the inside out
endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium
what layer of the uterine wall is sloughed off during menses
endometrium
what layer of the uterine wall contracts during childbirth
myometrium
glands that produce milk during lactation
alveoli
subdivision of mammary lobes that contains alveoli
lobule
enlarged storage chamber for milk
lactiferous sinus
duct connecting alveoli to the storage chambers
lactiferous duct
pigmented area surrounding the nipple
areola
releases milk to the outside
nipple
