Urgenital exam Flashcards
What is one difference between the female external anatomy of a cow and mare?
female cows have an escutcheon
In a mare why is a curved abnormal vulvar conformation a problem?
-fecal contamination
-pooling of urine
-pneumovagina (wind sucking)
Why is it easy for pooling of urine or fecal contamination to cause inflammation within the uterus of a mare?
because the cervix enters the vagina at a ventral position
Is the prepuduce bigger in stallions or gelding?
stallions
When obtaining a urine sample in bovine male why should you examine the hairs?
to see if any chrystals are present indicating infection
Where should you rub a bovine female in order to obtain a urine?
escutechon
Where is the escutcheon located?
from about four inches below the ventral tip of the vulva to right up under the ventral tip
What is a noninvasive way to obtain a urine from equine?
put them in a clean stall
If a horse is stretching out and looks like they are trying to pee but can’t what could be wrong?
blockage/UTI or colic
True of False bovine urinate more than equine.
true
Why is equine urine cloudy?
more mucous and calcium carbonate crystals (normal in horses)
What is winking?
when a mare in heat pushes out their vulva mucosa and small amounts of urine come out
What is the kidney shape of bovine?
lobated with no renal pelvis
Which kidney is palpable by rectal palpation and why?
left kidney because it sits slightly more caudal and midline
What takes up most of the left abdomen pushing the left kidney midline?
rumen
What are the shapes of the right and left kidneys in equine?
right-heart
left-pyramidal
Bovine testicles hang how?
vertically
Where are a lot of sweat gland present?
bovine testicles
Equine testicles hang how?
horizontally
True or False: Bovine have thiner skin around their testicles then equine.
False, thicker
Which species has what’s known as a fibroelastic penis?
Bovine only grows in length
Why is the urethral process of the ram clinically significant?
can be a major issue for passing stones
Which species has what’s known as a musculocavernous penis?
equine, grows in length and width
Which species has a uterus with a short body and 2 horns, and a cervix with smooth muscle containing “stiff” interlocking folds?
bovine
