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Exam 2 > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the physiologic purpose of the cardiovascular system?

A

circulation of blood

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2
Q

What delivers blood from the heart to the tissues?

A

arteries

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3
Q

What returns blood to the heart?

A

veins

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4
Q

What is the central pump that moves blood forward?

A

heart

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5
Q

What is where all exchanges occur?

A

capillaries

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6
Q

Deoxygenated blood returns to the right heart/pulmonary circulation to take up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide.

A

pulmonary circulation

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7
Q

Oxygenated blood leaves left heart to go to systemic circulation to deliver oxygen to tissues and take up carbon dioxide.

A

systemic circulation

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8
Q

True or false: all arteries carry blood away from the heart.

A

true

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9
Q

when do heart muscles contract?

A

systole

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10
Q

when do heart muscles relax/fill?

A

diastole

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11
Q

What component of the CV system has the function of venous return of deoxygenated blood to the heart?

A

vena cava

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12
Q

What component of the CV system has conduit and booster filling functions?

A

atria

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13
Q

What component of the CV system has the function of pumping to pulmonary and systemic circulations?

A

ventricles

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14
Q

Which ventricle has thickest muscle walls?

A

left ventricle

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15
Q

Which system is the lower pressure system?

A

pulmonary

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16
Q

What components of the CV system perform arterial delivery to circulations?

A

pulmonary artery and aorta

17
Q

Does the pulmonary artery or the aorta carry oxygenated blood?

A

pulmonary artery

18
Q

Does systole pumping of the atria and ventricles occur at the same time or sequentially?

A

sequentially

19
Q

A the CV system is a central muscular pump with _______ valves supporting blood flow.

A

unidirectional

20
Q

What does spontaneous depolarization at the sinus node initiate?

A

events that result in mechanical pumping

21
Q

What is the right AV valve?

A

tricuspid

22
Q

What is the left AV valve?

A

mitral

23
Q

What is the role of the specialized cardiac myocytes of the conduction system?

A

control spread of depolarization from sinus node through the heart

24
Q

What is the role of the working cardiac muscle myocytes?

A

responsible for muscle contraction and pumping blood, make up most of the atria and ventricles

25
Q

Why is there a pause between atrial depolarization and ventricular depolarization?

A

to optimize ventricular filling before ventricular pumping starts

26
Q

Circulation is a closed system this means that injury will effect?

A

what comes after it and before it

27
Q

Are right and left ventricles contracting at the same time or sequentially?

A

same time

28
Q

What drives blood flow through the circulatory system?

A

pressure

29
Q

Systemic circulation is a ________ pressure system than the pulmonary circulation.

A

higher

30
Q

Veins are ______ pressure than arteries.

A

lower

31
Q

What causes the valves of the heart to open and close?

A

pressure differences across the valves

32
Q

What sensors “sense” blood pressure?

A

baroreceptors

33
Q

What sensors “sense” the tissue needs?

A

chemoreceptors

34
Q

What is unique about depolarization in the heart?

A

no true resting potential stage

35
Q

What sets the heart rate?

A

SA node

36
Q

What allows for sequential atrial then ventricular contraction?

A

AV node

37
Q

What is responsible for the rapid spread of depolarization for near simultaneous contraction of the chamber?

A

internal pathways/purkinje fibers

38
Q

What is the functional differences in velocity of transmission?

A

To create two separate contractions

39
Q

Which comes first in the heart electrical or mechanical activity?

A

electrical

Exam 2 (11 decks)

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