URA (1) : orokortasun,egitura,hidrogeno zubi Flashcards

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1
Q

Uraren garrantzia

A
  • bizia uretan
  • molekula ugariena bizidunetan
  • biomolek disolbatuta
  • metabolismoa uretan
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2
Q

Ur kopuruaren aldakortasun faktoreak

A
  1. organismo mota ( algak 95/ gizakia 65)
  2. adina(gazteek ur gehio)
  3. ehun mota aktibitate fisiologikoaren arabera (dentina/burmuina)
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3
Q

uraren kokapena

A
  1. barne ingurune
  2. ur interstizial
  3. ur intrazelularra
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4
Q

UR molekularen konposizio

A

1 O-at + 2x H-at
lotura kobalentez
104,5º

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5
Q

Ur molekula dipoloa

A

1- neutroa izanik :
2- oxigeno at. lotura kobalentearen elektroiak bereganatu=
o -at gehiegizko karga negatibo
h-at gehiegizko karga positibo
(o atomoaren elektronegatibitatea hidrogenoarena baino handiagoa)
dipolo elektrikoa

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6
Q

Zer dira hidrogeno zubiak

A
  • erakarpen elektrostatiko ahula
  • molekula baten O ===H beste molekula
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6
Q

Uraren egoerak

A

GAS = 0
LIKIDO= 3,4
SOLIDO= 4

gas<——-energia zinetikoa———- solido

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6
Q

Hidrogeno zubien ezaugarriak

A
  1. lotura kobalenteak baino ahulagoak dira
  2. zubi asko = uraren barne kohesioaren eragile
  3. zinetikarenondorioz ur likidoan : HZ etengabe sortu/desegin
  4. beste egitura batzuetan : A:N , PROTEINA artean
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7
Q

Hz ondorioz urak propietate batzuk

A
  1. irakite p.altua
  2. urtze puntu altua
  3. bero espezifiko handia
  4. dilatazio anomaloa
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8
Q

HZ dilatazio anomaloa eragin

A
  • izotzan 4 HZ = sare egitura osatu = bolumen handiagoa hartuko du masa berdinak
  • V gehiago / masa berdina = D jeitsi
  • izotzak flotatu ur gainean
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9
Q

URTZE PUNTU ALTUA

A

hz asko apurtu solidotik–>likidora

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9
Q

IRAKITE PUNTU ALTUA

A

hz asko apurtu behar likidotik –> gasera

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10
Q

bero espezifiko handia

A

1g uraren T igotzeko energia handia behar:
HZ ekintza zinetikoa amortiguatzen dutelako

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