Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MS1 Fall > Upper & Lower Extremity Anatomy > Flashcards

Upper & Lower Extremity Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertebrae do we have?

A

33

In five regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does motion occur in the vertebrae?

A

In the superior 25 vertebrae (the remaining 8 in the sacrum and coccyx are fused)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Primary vertebral column curvatures? Secondary curvatures?

A

Primary: thoracic and sacral

Secondary: cervical and lumbar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Components of a typical vertebrae?

A

Vertebral body, vertebral arch (2 pedicles and 2 laminae), vertebral processes (2 transverse, 4 articular, 1 spinous)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vertebral foramen

A

Canal formed by the posterior surface of the vertebral body and the vertebral arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

Formed by the superior and inferior vertebral notch and give passage to the spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the intervertebral disk composed of?

A

Annulus fibrosus (outer fibrous part) and the nucleus pulposus (gelatinous central mass)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do the intervertebral disks start and stop?

A

C2/C3 and L5/S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the name of the joint between the superior and inferior articular processes of the vertebrae?

A

Facet or zygapophysial joint

It’s a plane joint that allows gliding motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What ligaments flank the vertebral bodies?

A

Anterior longitudinal and posterior longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the joints of the pelvic girdle?

A

Sacro-iliac joints (x2) and the pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Three ligaments of the hip

A

Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name of the articular portion of the acetabulum?

A

Lunate (articular) surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acetabular fossa

A

Non-articular part in the center of the acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acetabular labrum

A

Fibrocartilaginous rim that increases the depth of the acetabulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transverse acetabular ligament

A

A continuation of the labrum that bridges the acetabular notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ligament of head of femur

A

Between head of femur and acetabular fossa; usually contains an artery to the femoral head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Three ligaments of the knee?

A

Lateral collateral ligament (also fibular), medial collateral ligament (also tibial), and the patellar ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What connects the anterior aspects of the menisci in the knee?

A

The transverse ligament of the knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which menisci is continuous with its adjacent collateral ligament?

A

The medial meniscus!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Insertion points for the anterior cruciate ligament?

A

Anterior tibia to the medial part of the lateral femoral condyle

22
Q

Insertion points for the posterior cruciate ligament?

A

Posterior tibia to the lateral part of the medial femoral condyle

23
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

Tears to the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus

24
Q

What bones make up the ankle joint?

A

Medial malleolus of the tibia, lateral malleolus of the fibula, and the talus

25
Q

How many ligament comprise the lateral ligament of the ankle?

A

3

26
Q

How many ligaments comprise the medial ligament of the ankle?

Alternate name for the medial ligament of the ankle?

A

4

Deltoid ligament

27
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

The femoral nerve (L2-4)

28
Q

What innervates the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve (L2-4)

29
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve

30
Q

What does the sciatic nerve separate into just superior to the popliteal fossa?

A

tibial nerve (posterior compartment of leg) and common fibular/peroneal nerve

31
Q

What does the fibular/peroneal nerve separate into?

A

Deep fibular nerve (anterior compartment leg) and the superficial fibular nerve (lateral compartment of leg)

32
Q

What is the only articulation between the upper extremity and the axial skeleton?

A

The sternoclavicular joint

33
Q

What are the four ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint?

A

Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments, interclavicular ligament, and the costoclavicular ligaments

34
Q

What two ligaments comprise the coracoclavicular ligament and provide most of the strength and stability to the acromioclavicular joint?

A

The conoid (more medial) and trapezoid (more lateral) ligaments

35
Q

What ligament forms an arch over the humeral head preventing superior shoulder displacement?

A

The coracoacromial ligament

36
Q

What ligament keeps the long head of the biceps brachii located in the intertubercular groove of the humerus?

A

The transverse ligament of the humerus

37
Q

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

A
  1. Supraspinatus - abduction
  2. Infraspinatus - external rotation
  3. Teres minor - external rotation
  4. Subscapularis - internal rotation
38
Q

What three joints comprise the elbow?

A
  1. Humero-ulnar joint
  2. Humero-radial joint
  3. Proximal radioulnar joint
39
Q

What ligaments reinforce the elbow joint capsule?

A

The medial (ulnar) and lateral (radial) collateral ligaments

40
Q

What comprises the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

The articulation of the radial head and the radial notch of the ulna

The annular ligament holds the head of the radius in place

41
Q

What comprises the distal radioulnar joint?

A

The articulation of the ulnar head with the ulnar notch of the radius + the articular disc from the medial side of the radius to the ulnar styloid process (makes an L)

42
Q

What comprises the radiocarpal joint?

A

The articulation between the distal radius and the scaphoid and lunate bones

43
Q

What two nerves (that we’re responsible for) branch off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

A

The axillary nerve and the radial nerve

44
Q

What does the axillary nerve innervate?

A

Shoulder

Responsible for abduction & external rotation

45
Q

What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

A

Anterior arm

Responsible for elbow flexion

46
Q

What does the radial nerve innervate?

A

Posterior arm and forearm

Responsible for elbow, wrist, and finger extension

47
Q

What does the median nerve innervate?

A

Dominant nerve to anterior forearm

Responsible for wrist and finger flexion

48
Q

What does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

Dominant nerve of the hand & 1.5 muscles in the forearm

49
Q

What four muscles act on the radioulnar joints?

A

Pronation:

  • Pronator teres (median nerve)
  • Pronator quadratus (median nerve)

Supination:

  • Biceps brachii (musculocutaneous nerve)
  • Supinator (radial nerve)
50
Q

What is Hilton’s Law?

A

A joint is innervated by the same nerves that innervate the muscles that move the joints

MS1 Fall (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions